English
Related papers

Related papers: Trustworthy Formal Natural Language Specifications

200 papers

Translating informal requirements into formal specifications is challenging due to the ambiguity and variability of natural language (NL). This challenge is particularly pronounced when relying on compact (small and medium) language models,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Medina Andresel , Cristinel Mateis , Dejan Nickovic , Spyridon Kounoupidis , Panagiotis Katsaros , Stavros Tripakis

This paper presents the Soda language for verifying multi-agent systems. Soda is a high-level functional and object-oriented language that supports the compilation of its code not only to Scala, a strongly statically typed high-level…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Julian Alfredo Mendez , Timotheus Kampik

We present a trustworthy connection between the Leon verification system and the Isabelle proof assistant. Leon is a system for verifying functional Scala programs. It uses a variety of automated theorem provers (ATPs) to check verification…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-07 Lars Hupel , Viktor Kuncak

In the digital age, ensuring the correctness, safety, and reliability of software through formal verification is paramount, particularly as software increasingly underpins critical infrastructure. Formal verification, split into theorem…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Zhiyong Chen , Jialun Cao , Jiarong Wu , Chang Xu , Shing-Chi Cheung

Large language models (LLMs) have been used to generate formal proofs of mathematical theorems in proofs assistants such as Lean. However, we often want to optimize a formal proof with respect to various criteria, depending on its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Riyaz Ahuja , Jeremy Avigad , Prasad Tetali , Sean Welleck

Teaching precise mathematical reasoning can be very hard. It is very easy for a student to make a subtle mistake in a proof which invalidates it, but it is often hard for the teacher to pinpoint and explain the problem in the (often…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-07-15 Marek Materzok

Program verification and synthesis frameworks that allow one to customize the language in which one is interested typically require the user to provide a formally defined semantics for the language. Because writing a formal semantics can be…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jiangyi Liu , Charlie Murphy , Anvay Grover , Keith J. C. Johnson , Thomas Reps , Loris D'Antoni

Evaluating statement autoformalization, translating natural language mathematics into formal languages like Lean 4, remains a significant challenge, with few metrics, datasets, and standards to robustly measure progress. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Auguste Poiroux , Gail Weiss , Viktor Kunčak , Antoine Bosselut

Our scientific knowledge is increasingly built on software output. User code which defines data analysis pipelines and computational models is essential for research in the natural and social sciences, but little is known about how to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Maxwell Shinn

Transformation approaches for automatically constructing analysis models from textual requirements are critical to software development, as they can bring forward the use of precise formal languages from the coding phase to the requirement…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Keletso J. Letsholo

Large language models are increasingly used to generate code from natural language, but ensuring correctness remains challenging. Formal verification offers a principled way to obtain such guarantees by proving that a program satisfies a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zhe Ye , Aidan Z. H. Yang , Huangyuan Su , Zhenyu Liao , Samuel Tenka , Zhizhen Qin , Udaya Ghai , Dawn Song , Soonho Kong

Autoformalization has emerged as a term referring to the automation of formalization - specifically, the formalization of mathematics using interactive theorem provers (proof assistants). Its rapid development has been driven by progress in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Agnieszka Mensfelt , David Tena Cucala , Santiago Franco , Angeliki Koutsoukou-Argyraki , Vince Trencsenyi , Kostas Stathis

Validation is a central activity when developing formal specifications. Similarly to coding, a possible validation technique is to define upfront test cases or scenarios that a future specification should satisfy or not. Unfortunately,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Alcino Cunha , Nuno Macedo

We show that verification of object-oriented programs by means of the assertional method can be achieved in a simple way by exploiting a syntax-directed transformation from object-oriented programs to recursive programs. This transformation…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Krzysztof R. Apt , Frank S. de Boer , Ernst-Ruediger Olderog , Stijn de Gouw

While Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models, the faithfulness of the generated rationales remains an open problem for model interpretability. We propose a novel theoretical lens for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Elija Perrier

Hoare-style verification provides a principled foundation for reasoning about the correctness of quantum programs, but existing approaches do not allow fully automatic verification. While automata-based verification scales well when…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Wei-Lun Tsai , Yu-Fang Chen , Ondřej Lengál

Traditional approaches for validating molecular simulations rely on making software open source and transparent, incorporating unit testing, and generally employing human oversight. We propose an approach that eliminates software errors…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-08-19 Ejike D. Ugwuanyi , Colin T. Jones , John Velkey , Tyler R. Josephson

Generating code from natural-language requirements has become a primary route for LLM-assisted software development. Although LLMs can successfully complete small programming tasks, generating an entire complex project remains unreliable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jian Fang , Yingfei Xiong

Many project-specific languages, including in particular filtering languages, are defined using non-formal specifications written in natural languages. This leads to ambiguities and errors in the specification of those languages. This paper…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-01-31 Gurvan Le Guernic , Benoit Combemale , José A. Galindo

To be usable in practice, interactive theorem provers need to provide convenient and efficient means of writing expressions, definitions, and proofs. This involves inferring information that is often left implicit in an ordinary…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-12-18 Leonardo de Moura , Jeremy Avigad , Soonho Kong , Cody Roux