Related papers: Ordering and topological defects in social wasps' …

The cores of edge dislocations, edge dislocation dipoles and edge dislocation loops in planar graphene have been studied by means of periodized discrete elasticity models. To build these models, we have found a way to discretize linear…

Epithelial monolayers are a central building block of complex organisms. Topological defects have emerged as important elements for single cell behavior in flat epithelia. Here we theoretically study such defects in a three-dimensional…

In this work we investigate the role of the symmetry of the Lagrangian on the existence of defects in systems of coupled scalar fields. We focus attention mainly on solutions where defects may nest defects. When space is non-compact we find…

Wasps, bees, ants and termites all make effective use of their environment and resources by displaying collective swarm intelligence. Termite colonies - for instance - build nests with a complexity far beyond the comprehension of the…

Several systems involve spatial arrangements of elements such as molecules or cells, the characterization of which bears important implications to biological and physical investigations. Traditional approaches to quantify spatial order and…

The interplay between geometry, topology and order can lead to geometric frustration that profoundly affects the shape and structure of a curved surface. In this commentary we show how frustration in this context can result in the faceting…

In swarms of flying insects, the motions of individuals are largely uncoordinated with those of their neighbors, unlike the highly ordered motion of bird flocks. However, it has been observed that insects may transiently form pairs with…

The use of pyramid elements is crucial to the construction of efficient hex-dominant meshes. For conforming nodal finite element methods with mixed element types, it is advantageous for nodal distributions on the faces of the pyramid to…

We study the ordered equilibrium structures of patchy particles where the patches are located on the surface of the colloid such that they form a regular tetrahedron. Using optimization techniques based on ideas of evolutionary algorithms…

Orientational order, encoded in anisotropic fields, plays an important role during the development of an organism. A striking example of this is the freshwater polyp Hydra, where topological defects in the muscle fiber orientation have been…

This paper proposes a systematic generalized formulation for calculating both atomic shuffling and shear candidates for a given compound twinning mode in hexagonal closed-packed metals. Although shuffles play an important role in the…

Some zeta functions which are naturally attached to the locally homogeneous vector bundles over compact locally symmetric spaces of rank one are investigated. We prove that such functions can be expressed in terms of entire functions whose…

Topological defects, which are singular points in a director field, play a major role in shaping active systems. Here, we experimentally study topological defects and the flow patterns around them, that are formed during the highly rapid…

We investigate the self-organization of point-particles with short-range interactions modeled via simple 1D and 2D Hubbard-like models. We show how various properties emerge such as, boson-like ordering leading to topological structures in…

Rod-shaped bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, commonly live forming mounded colonies. They initially grow two-dimensionally on a surface and finally achieve three-dimensional growth. While it was recently reported that three-dimensional…

Can the presence of molecular-tilt order significantly affect the shapes of lipid bilayer membranes, particularly membrane shapes with narrow necks? Motivated by the propensity for tilt order and the common occurrence of narrow necks in the…

We propose new topological insulators in hexagonal wurtzite-type binary compounds based on the first principles calculations. It is found that two compounds AgI and AuI are three-dimensional topological insulators with a naturally opened…

Flocks of birds and schools of fish are familiar examples of spatial patterns formed by living organisms. In contrast to the patterns on the skins of, say, zebra and giraffe, the patterns of our interest are {\it transient} although…

Twisting two atomic layers produces a geometric moire pattern, but bonding-induced interfacial reconstruction fundamentally transforms this into an ordered dislocation network - a distinction obscured in weakly-bonded van der Waals systems.…

Topological physics opens a door towards flexible routing and resilient localization of waves of various nature. Recently proposed higher-order topological insulators provide advanced control over wave localization in the structures of…