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Related papers: Complexity in Tame Quantum Theories

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Quantum complexity is emerging as a key property of many-body systems, including black holes, topological materials, and early quantum computers. A state's complexity quantifies the number of computational gates required to prepare the…

We study certain aspects of the effective, occasionally called collective, description of complex quantum systems within the framework of the path integral formalism, in which the environment is integrated out. Generalising the standard…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 U. Eckern , M. J. Gruber , P. Schwab

We introduce a notion of Kolmogorov complexity of unitary transformation, which can (roughly) be understood as the least possible amount of information required to fully describe and reconstruct a given finite unitary transformation. In the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-20 Alexei Kaltchenko

Inspired by the work of Feynman, Deutsch, We formally propose the theory of physical computability and accordingly, the physical complexity theory. To achieve this, a framework that can evaluate almost all forms of computation using various…

Computational Physics · Physics 2011-12-06 Huimin Zheng , HaiXing Hu , Nan Wu , Fangmin Song

One of the most fundamental problems in science is to define {\it quantitatively} the complexity of organized matters, i.e., {\it organized complexity}. Although many measures have been proposed toward this aim in previous decades, there is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-08-03 Tatsuaki Okamoto

In the Bayesian approach to probability theory, probability quantifies a degree of belief for a single trial, without any a priori connection to limiting frequencies. In this paper we show that, despite being prescribed by a fundamental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Carlton M. Caves , Christopher A. Fuchs , Ruediger Schack

The concept of quantum complexity has far-reaching implications spanning theoretical computer science, quantum many-body physics, and high energy physics. The quantum complexity of a unitary transformation or quantum state is defined as the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-02 Fernando G. S. L. Brandão , Wissam Chemissany , Nicholas Hunter-Jones , Richard Kueng , John Preskill

Complexity theory as practiced by physicists and computational complexity theory as practiced by computer scientists both characterize how difficult it is to solve complex problems. Here it is shown that the parameters of a specific model…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-05-29 S. N. Coppersmith

Different observers do not have to agree on how they identify a quantum system. We explore a condition based on algorithmic complexity that allows a system to be described as an objective "element of reality". We also suggest an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-25 Alexei Grinbaum

We argue that complex systems science and the rules of quantum physics are intricately related. We discuss a range of quantum phenomena, such as cryptography, computation and quantum phases, and the rules responsible for their complexity.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-25 Janet Anders , Karoline Wiesner

Bayesian probability theory is used as a framework to develop a formalism for the scientific method based on principles of inductive reasoning. The formalism allows for precise definitions of the key concepts in theories of physics and also…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-09-12 Roberto C. Alamino

Quantum circuit complexity is a fundamental concept whose importance permeates quantum information, computation, many-body physics and high-energy physics. While extensively studied in closed systems, its characterization and behaviors in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Zhenyu Du , Zi-Wen Liu , Xiongfeng Ma

We attempt to contribute some novel points of view to the "foundations of quantum mechanics", using mathematical tools from "quantum probability theory" (such as the theory of operator algebras). We first introduce an abstract algebraic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-08 J. Fröhlich , B. Schubnel

All natural things process and transform information. They receive environmental information as input, and transform it into appropriate output responses. Much of science is dedicated to building models of such systems -- algorithmic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-14 Jayne Thompson , Andrew J. P. Garner , Vlatko Vedral , Mile Gu

Area laws describe how entanglement entropy scales and thus provide important necessary conditions for efficient quantum many-body simulation, but they do not, by themselves, yield a direct measure of computational complexity. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Anna O. Schouten , David A. Mazziotti

In classical physics, a single measurement can in principle reveal the state of a system. However, quantum theory permits numerous non-equivalent measurements on a physical system, each providing only limited information about the state.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-01 Yang Yu , Philip Goyal

We present a general formalism with the aim of describing the situation of an entity, how it is, how it reacts to experiments, how we can make statistics with it, and how it changes under the influence of the rest of the universe. Therefore…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Diederik Aerts

We introduce and discuss the concept of \textit{arrangement}, traditionally found in the context of chemical reactions and few-body rearrangement collisions, in the general context of an $N$-body quantum system. We show that the ability for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-18 Bo Gao

Starting from the guiding principles of spacetime locality and operationalism, a general framework for a probabilistic description of nature is proposed. Crucially, no notion of time or metric is assumed, neither any specific physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Robert Oeckl

We explore the implications of restricting the framework of quantum theory and quantum computation to finite fields. The simplest proposed theory is defined over arbitrary finite fields and loses the notion of unitaries. This makes such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-19 Andrew J. Hanson , Gerardo Ortiz , Amr Sabry , Jeremiah Willcock