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Sentence embeddings encode sentences in fixed dense vectors and have played an important role in various NLP tasks and systems. Methods for building sentence embeddings include unsupervised learning such as Quick-Thoughts and supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Danqi Liao

Computed tomography (CT) samples with pathological annotations are difficult to obtain. As a result, the computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) algorithms are trained on small datasets (e.g., LIDC-IDRI with 1,018 samples), limiting their accuracies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Penghua Zhai , Enwei Zhu , Baolian Qi , Xin Wei , Jinpeng Li

Learning good representations involves capturing the diverse ways in which data samples relate. Contrastive loss - an objective matching related samples - underlies methods from self-supervised to multimodal learning. Contrastive losses,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Vlad Sobal , Mark Ibrahim , Randall Balestriero , Vivien Cabannes , Diane Bouchacourt , Pietro Astolfi , Kyunghyun Cho , Yann LeCun

Detecting surface anomalies of industrial materials poses a significant challenge within a myriad of industrial manufacturing processes. In recent times, various methodologies have emerged, capitalizing on the advantages of employing a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Simon Thomine , Hichem Snoussi

Learning discriminative shape representations is a crucial issue for large-scale 3D shape retrieval. In this paper, we propose the Collaborative Inner Product Loss (CIP Loss) to obtain ideal shape embedding that discriminative among…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Zhaoqun Li , Cheng Xu , Biao Leng

Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification techniques have been intensively studied and a variety of models have been developed. However, these HSI classification models are confined to pocket models and unrealistic ways of dataset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Quanwei Liu , Yanni Dong , Tao Huang , Lefei Zhang , Bo Du

Distribution shifts are problems where the distribution of data changes between training and testing, which can significantly degrade the performance of a model deployed in the real world. Recent studies suggest that one reason for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Takuro Kutsuna

Contrastive learning is a well-established paradigm in representation learning. The standard framework of contrastive learning minimizes the distance between "similar" instances and maximizes the distance between dissimilar ones in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Naghmeh Ghanooni , Barbod Pajoum , Harshit Rawal , Sophie Fellenz , Vo Nguyen Le Duy , Marius Kloft

Integrating supervised contrastive loss to cross entropy-based communication has recently been proposed as a solution to address the long-tail learning problem. However, when the class imbalance ratio is high, it requires adjusting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Charika De Alvis , Dishanika Denipitiyage , Suranga Seneviratne

Label smoothing loss is a widely adopted technique to mitigate overfitting in deep neural networks. This paper studies label smoothing from the perspective of Neural Collapse (NC), a powerful empirical and theoretical framework which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Li Guo , George Andriopoulos , Zifan Zhao , Shuyang Ling , Zixuan Dong , Keith Ross

Contrastive learning is a powerful self-supervised learning method, but we have a limited theoretical understanding of how it works and why it works. In this paper, we prove that contrastive learning with the standard InfoNCE loss is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Zhiquan Tan , Yifan Zhang , Jingqin Yang , Yang Yuan

We propose a new supervised dimensionality reduction technique called Supervised Linear Centroid-Encoder (SLCE), a linear counterpart of the nonlinear Centroid-Encoder (CE) \citep{ghosh2022supervised}. SLCE works by mapping the samples of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Tomojit Ghosh , Michael Kirby

Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) has managed to match or surpass the performance of supervised learning in image and video classification. However, it is still largely unknown if the nature of the representations induced by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Rohit Gupta , Naveed Akhtar , Ajmal Mian , Mubarak Shah

Recently, contrastive learning (CL) has emerged as a successful method for unsupervised graph representation learning. Most graph CL methods first perform stochastic augmentation on the input graph to obtain two graph views and maximize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Yanqiao Zhu , Yichen Xu , Feng Yu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

Contrastive learning applied to self-supervised representation learning has seen a resurgence in recent years, leading to state of the art performance in the unsupervised training of deep image models. Modern batch contrastive approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Prannay Khosla , Piotr Teterwak , Chen Wang , Aaron Sarna , Yonglong Tian , Phillip Isola , Aaron Maschinot , Ce Liu , Dilip Krishnan

Deep neural network-based classifiers trained with the categorical cross-entropy (CCE) loss are sensitive to label noise in the training data. One common type of method that can mitigate the impact of label noise can be viewed as supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Aritra Ghosh , Andrew Lan

A lot of recent advances in unsupervised feature learning are based on designing features which are invariant under semantic data augmentations. A common way to do this is contrastive learning, which uses positive and negative samples. Some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Ashwini Pokle , Jinjin Tian , Yuchen Li , Andrej Risteski

Large-scale multimodal contrastive learning has recently achieved impressive success in learning rich and transferable representations, yet it remains fundamentally limited by the uniform treatment of feature dimensions and the neglect of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jinjin Guo , Yexin Li , Zhichao Huang , Jun Fang , Zhiyuan Liu , Chao Liu , Pengzhang Liu , Qixia Jiang

Contrastive learning is a major studied topic in metric learning. However, sampling effective contrastive pairs remains a challenge due to factors such as limited batch size, imbalanced data distribution, and the risk of overfitting. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Bolun Cai , Pengfei Xiong , Shangxuan Tian

We pilot a family of stable contrastive losses for learning pixel-level representations that jointly capture semantic and geometric information. Our approach maps each pixel of an image to an overcomplete descriptor that is both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Leonid Pogorelyuk , Niels Bracher , Aaron Verkleeren , Lars Kühmichel , Stefan T. Radev
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