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Training datasets are inherently imperfect, often containing mislabeled samples due to human annotation errors, limitations of tagging models, and other sources of noise. Such label contamination can significantly degrade the performance of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Hyeongju Kim , Yechan Yu , June Young Yi , Juheon Lee

State-of-the-art face recognition networks are often computationally expensive and cannot be used for mobile applications. Training lightweight face recognition models also requires large identity-labeled datasets. Meanwhile, there are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Hatef Otroshi Shahreza , Anjith George , Sébastien Marcel

Recent Semi-Supervised Object Detection (SS-OD) methods are mainly based on self-training, i.e., generating hard pseudo-labels by a teacher model on unlabeled data as supervisory signals. Although they achieved certain success, the limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Qiushan Guo , Yao Mu , Jianyu Chen , Tianqi Wang , Yizhou Yu , Ping Luo

Unsupervised image captioning is a challenging task that aims at generating captions without the supervision of image-sentence pairs, but only with images and sentences drawn from different sources and object labels detected from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Ukyo Honda , Yoshitaka Ushiku , Atsushi Hashimoto , Taro Watanabe , Yuji Matsumoto

We present a novel approach for training small language models for reasoning-intensive document ranking that combines knowledge distillation with reinforcement learning optimization. While existing methods often rely on expensive human…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Chris Samarinas , Hamed Zamani

Automatic fact-checking systems detect misinformation, such as fake news, by (i) selecting check-worthy sentences for fact-checking, (ii) gathering related information to the sentences, and (iii) inferring the factuality of the sentences.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-03-21 Casper Hansen , Christian Hansen , Stephen Alstrup , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christina Lioma

In this paper, we propose that small models may not need to absorb the cost of pre-training to reap its benefits. Instead, they can capitalize on the astonishing results achieved by modern, enormous models to a surprising degree. We observe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Sean Farhat , Deming Chen

In this study, we propose a method that distils representations of word meaning in context from a pre-trained masked language model in both monolingual and crosslingual settings. Word representations are the basis for context-aware lexical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Yuki Arase , Tomoyuki Kajiwara

We address the challenge of getting efficient yet accurate recognition systems with limited labels. While recognition models improve with model size and amount of data, many specialized applications of computer vision have severe resource…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Kenneth Borup , Cheng Perng Phoo , Bharath Hariharan

Conditional image generation models have achieved remarkable results by leveraging text-based control to generate customized images. However, the high resource demands of these models and the scarcity of well-annotated data have hindered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yicheng Jiang , Jin Yuan , Hua Yuan , Yao Zhang , Yong Rui

In the current work, we connect token-level uncertainty in causal language modeling to two types of training objectives: 1) masked maximum likelihood (MLE), 2) self-distillation. We show that masked MLE is effective in reducing epistemic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Tingkai Liu , Ari S. Benjamin , Anthony M. Zador

Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) for speaker verification (SV) has drawn increasing interest recently due to its ability to exploit unlabeled data. Performing data augmentation on raw waveforms, such as adding noise or…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-12 Chong-Xin Gan , Man-Wai Mak , Weiwei Lin , Jen-Tzung Chien

Language model based methods are powerful techniques for text classification. However, the models have several shortcomings. (1) It is difficult to integrate human knowledge such as keywords. (2) It needs a lot of resources to train the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Weijie Xu , Jay Desai , Srinivasan Sengamedu , Xiaoyu Jiang , Francis Iannacci

Staining is essential in cell imaging and medical diagnostics but poses significant challenges, including high cost, time consumption, labor intensity, and irreversible tissue alterations. Recent advances in deep learning have enabled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Ziwang Xu , Lanqing Guo , Satoshi Tsutsui , Shuyan Zhang , Alex C. Kot , Bihan Wen

Federated learning aims to tackle the ``isolated data island" problem, where it trains a collective model from physically isolated clients while safeguarding the privacy of users' data. However, supervised federated learning necessitates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Hao Yan , Yuhong Guo

In this paper, we describe DeFactoNLP, the system we designed for the FEVER 2018 Shared Task. The aim of this task was to conceive a system that can not only automatically assess the veracity of a claim but also retrieve evidence supporting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Aniketh Janardhan Reddy , Gil Rocha , Diego Esteves

For sequence transduction tasks like speech recognition, a strong structured prior model encodes rich information about the target space, implicitly ruling out invalid sequences by assigning them low probability. In this work, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Wei-Ning Hsu , Ann Lee , Gabriel Synnaeve , Awni Hannun

Training deep neural networks is challenging when large and annotated datasets are unavailable. Extensive manual annotation of data samples is time-consuming, expensive, and error-prone, notably when it needs to be done by experts. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Barbara C Benato , Alexandru C Telea , Alexandre X Falcão

Self-supervised learned (SSL) speech pre-trained models perform well across various speech processing tasks. Distilled versions of SSL models have been developed to match the needs of on-device speech applications. Though having similar…

Complex claim verification requires decomposing sentences into verifiable subclaims, yet existing methods struggle to align decomposition quality with verification performance. We propose a reinforcement learning (RL) approach that jointly…