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Previous research into the relation between ASP and classical logic has identified at least two different ways in which the former extends the latter. First, ASP program typically contain sets of rules that can be naturally interpreted as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-01-09 Joost Vennekens , Marc Denecker

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is logic programming under the stable model or answer set semantics. During the last decade, this paradigm has seen several extensions by generalizing the notion of atom used in these programs. Among these,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-07 Mario Alviano , Wolfgang Faber

Epistemic reasoning requires agents to infer the state of the world from partial observations and information about other agents' knowledge. Prior work evaluating LLMs on canonical epistemic puzzles interpreted their behavior through a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Adi Gabay , Gabriel Stanovsky , Liat Peterfreund

Answer set programming (ASP) is a logic programming paradigm that can be used to solve complex combinatorial search problems. Aggregates are an ASP construct that plays an important role in many applications. Defining a satisfactory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-12-09 Paolo Ferraris

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a well-established formalism for logic programming. Problem solving in ASP requires to write an ASP program whose answers sets correspond to solutions. Albeit the non-existence of answer sets for some ASP…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Giovanni Amendola , Carmine Dodaro , Francesco Ricca

This technical report describes a new prototype architecture designed to integrate top-down and bottom-up analysis of non-standard linguistic input, where a semantic model of the context of an utterance is used to guide the analysis of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Johannes Dellert

In this paper we introduce Epistemic Strategy Logic (ESL), an extension of Strategy Logic with modal operators for individual knowledge. This enhanced framework allows us to represent explicitly and to reason about the knowledge agents have…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-04-04 Francesco Belardinelli

Recent large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive reasoning milestones but continue to struggle with high computational costs, logical inconsistencies, and sharp performance degradation on high-complexity problems. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Adam Ishay , Joohyung Lee

Answer set programming (ASP) is a well-established knowledge representation formalism. Most ASP solvers are based on (extensions of) technology from Boolean satisfiability solving. While these solvers have shown to be very successful in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Wolf De Wulf , Bart Bogaerts

The decoupling between the representation of a certain problem, i.e., its knowledge model, and the reasoning side is one of main strong points of model-based Artificial Intelligence (AI). This allows, e.g. to focus on improving the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Carmine Dodaro , Marco Maratea , Mauro Vallati

The field of probabilistic logic programming (PLP) focuses on integrating probabilistic models into programming languages based on logic. Over the past 30 years, numerous languages and frameworks have been developed for modeling, inference…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Vincent Derkinderen , Robin Manhaeve , Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires , Luc De Raedt

Answer set programming (ASP) is a logic programming formalism used in various areas of artificial intelligence like combinatorial problem solving and knowledge representation and reasoning. It is known that enhancing ASP with function…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Lukas Gerlach , David Carral , Markus Hecher

In this paper we introduce a Conditional Answer Set Programming framework (Conditional ASP) for the definition of conditional extensions of Answer Set Programming (ASP). The approach builds on a conditional logic with typicality, and on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Mario Alviano , Laura Giordano , Daniele Theseider Dupré

Answer set programming is one of the most praised frameworks for declarative programming in general and non-monotonic reasoning in particular. There has been many efforts to extend stable model semantics so that answer set programs can use…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-12-04 Shahab Tasharrofi

Splitting a logic program allows us to reduce the task of computing its stable models to similar tasks for its subprograms. This can be used to increase solving performance and prove program correctness. We generalize the conditions under…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-30 Jorge Fandinno , Yuliya Lierler

In the field of knowledge representation, the considered epistemic states are often based on propositional interpretations, also called worlds. E.g., epistemic states of agents can be modelled by ranking functions or total preorders on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Jonas Haldimann , Christoph Beierle

Argumentation problems are concerned with determining the acceptability of a set of arguments from their relational structure. When the available information is uncertain, probabilistic argumentation frameworks provide modelling tools to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Pietro Totis , Angelika Kimmig , Luc De Raedt

We give a relational and a weakest precondition semantics for "knowledge-based programs", i.e., programs that restrict observability of variables so as to richly express changes in the knowledge of agents who can or cannot observe said…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Francesco Belardinelli , Ioana Boureanu , Vadim Malvone , Solofomampionona Fortunat Rajaona

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a powerful logic-based programming language, which is enjoying increasing interest within the scientific community and (very recently) in industry. The evaluation of ASP programs is traditionally carried out…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2011-10-14 Simona Perri , Francesco Ricca , Marco Sirianni

Answer Set Programming (ASP) is a declarative programming paradigm based on logic programming and non-monotonic reasoning. It is a tremendously powerful tool for describing and solving combinatorial problems. Like any other language, ASP…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Connar Hite , Sean Saud , Raef Taha , Nayim Rahman , Tanvir Atahary , Scott Douglass , Tarek Taha