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We show that under some general conditions the finite memory determinacy of a class of two-player win/lose games played on finite graphs implies the existence of a Nash equilibrium built from finite memory strategies for the corresponding…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-03 Stéphane Le Roux , Arno Pauly

We propose a family of non-locality unique games for 2 parties based on a square lattice on an arbitrary surface. We show that, due to structural similarities with error correction codes of Kitaev for fault tolerant quantum computation, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-16 Monika Rosicka , Paweł Mazurek , Andrzej Grudka , Michał Horodecki

Contextuality is arguably the fundamental property that makes quantum mechanics different from classical physics. It is responsible for quantum computational speedups in both magic-state-injection-based and measurement-based models of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Oliver Hart , David T. Stephen , Evan Wickenden , Rahul Nandkishore

We introduce an evolutionary game with feedback between perception and reality, which we call the reality game. It is a game of chance in which the probabilities for different objective outcomes (e.g., heads or tails in a coin toss) depend…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2009-02-09 Dmitriy Cherkashin , J. Doyne Farmer , Seth Lloyd

An indefinite causal order, where the causes of events are not necessarily in past events, is predicted by the process matrix framework. A fundamental question is how these non-separable causal structures can be related to the thermodynamic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-20 Gianluca Francica

We consider the most general correlations that can be obtained by a group of parties whose causal relations are well-defined, although possibly probabilistic and dependent on past parties' operations. We show that, for any fixed number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-06 Alastair A. Abbott , Christina Giarmatzi , Fabio Costa , Cyril Branciard

Let $f: M \to M$ be a $C^{1+\theta}$-partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism. We introduce a type of modified Schmidt games which is induced by $f$ and played on any unstable manifold. Utilizing it we generalize some results of \cite{Wu} as…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-04-14 Weisheng Wu

Parity games are positionally determined. This is a fundamental and classical result. In 2010, Calude et al. showed a breakthrough result for finite parity games: the winning regions and their positional winning strategies can be computed…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Volker Diekert , Manfred Kufleitner

Stochastic games combine controllable and adversarial non-determinism with stochastic behavior and are a common tool in control, verification and synthesis of reactive systems facing uncertainty. Multi-objective stochastic games are natural…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Tobias Winkler , Maximilian Weininger

We present a family of Bell inequalities for three parties and arbitrarily many outcomes, which can be seen as a natural generalization of the Mermin Bell inequality. For a small number of outcomes, we verify that our inequalities define…

Graph games are fundamental in strategic reasoning of multi-agent systems and their environments. We study a new family of graph games which combine stochastic environmental uncertainties and auction-based interactions among the agents,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Guy Avni , Martin Kurečka , Kaushik Mallik , Petr Novotný , Suman Sadhukhan

Classical objectives in two-player zero-sum games played on graphs often deal with limit behaviors of infinite plays: e.g., mean-payoff and total-payoff in the quantitative setting, or parity in the qualitative one (a canonical way to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-09-15 Véronique Bruyère , Quentin Hautem , Mickael Randour

Stochastic games combine controllable and adversarial non-determinism with stochastic behavior and are a common tool in control, verification and synthesis of reactive systems facing uncertainty. Multi-objective stochastic games are natural…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Tobias Winkler , Maximilian Weininger

Bell non-local correlations cannot be naturally explained in a fixed causal structure. This serves as a motivation for considering models where no global assumption is made beyond logical consistency. The assumption of a fixed causal order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-06 Ämin Baumeler , Stefan Wolf

Parity games are games that are played on directed graphs whose vertices are labeled by natural numbers, called priorities. The players push a token along the edges of the digraph. The winner is determined by the parity of the greatest…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Christoph Dittmann , Stephan Kreutzer , Alexandru I. Tomescu

The traditional mathematical model for an impartial combinatorial game is defined recursively as a set of the options of the game, where the options are games themselves. We propose a model called gamegraph, together with its generalization…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Bojan Bašić , Paul Ellis , Dana C. Ernst , Danijela Popović , Nándor Sieben

The predictions of quantum theory are incompatible with local-causal explanations. This phenomenon is called Bell non-locality and is witnessed by violation of Bell-inequalities. The maximal violation of certain Bell-inequalities can only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-01 Ekta Panwar , Palash Pandya , Marcin Wieśniak

Schmidt's game, and other similar intersection games have played an important role in recent years in applications to number theory, dynamics, and Diophantine approximation theory. These games are real games, that is, games in which the…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-12-05 Logan Crone , Lior Fishman , Stephen Jackson

We investigate the relation between Bell inequalities and nonlocal games by presenting a systematic method for their bilateral conversion. In particular, we show that while to any nonlocal game there naturally corresponds a unique Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-07-17 J. Silman , S. Machnes , N. Aharon

The paper introduces two player connectivity games played on finite bipartite graphs. Algorithms that solve these connectivity games can be used as subroutines for solving M\"uller games. M\"uller games constitute a well established class…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Zihui Liang , Bakh Khoussainov , Toru Takisaka , Mingyu Xiao