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Two graphs are co-spectral if their respective adjacency matrices have the same multi-set of eigenvalues. A graph is said to be determined by its spectrum if all graphs that are co-spectral with it are isomorphic to it. We consider these…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-09-15 Anuj Dawar , Simone Severini , Octavio Zapata

We study Subgraph Isomorphism on graph classes defined by a fixed forbidden graph. Although there are several ways for forbidding a graph, we observe that it is reasonable to focus on the minor relation since other well-known relations lead…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Hans L. Bodlaender , Tesshu Hanaka , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Yusuke Kobayashi , Yoshio Okamoto , Yota Otachi , Tom C. van der Zanden

The graph bisection problem is the problem of partitioning the vertex set of a graph into two sets of given sizes such that the sum of weights of edges joining these two sets is optimized. We present a semidefinite programming relaxation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-23 Renata Sotirov

This study develops a graph search algorithm to find the optimal discrimination path for the binary classification problem. The objective function is defined as the difference of variations between the true positive (TP) and false positive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Qinwu Xu

We consider the problem of computing the nearest matrix polynomial with a non-trivial Smith Normal Form. We show that computing the Smith form of a matrix polynomial is amenable to numeric computation as an optimization problem.…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Mark Giesbrecht , Joseph Haraldson , George Labahn

We investigate a special case of the Induced Subgraph Isomorphism problem, where both input graphs are interval graphs. We show the NP-hardness of this problem, and we prove fixed-parameter tractability of the problem with non-standard…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-03-08 Dániel Marx , Ildikó Schlotter

Graphs can be associated with a matrix according to some rule and we can find the spectrum of a graph with respect to that matrix. Two graphs are cospectral if they have the same spectrum. Constructions of cospectral graphs help us…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Kate Lorenzen

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a predominant method for graph representation learning. However, beyond subgraph frequency estimation, their application to network motif significance-profile (SP) prediction remains under-explored, with no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Pedro C. Vieira , Miguel E. P. Silva , Pedro Manuel Pinto Ribeiro

The spectrum of the normalized Laplacian matrix cannot determine the number of edges in a graph, however finding constructions of cospectral graphs with differing number of edges has been elusive. In this paper we use basic properties of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-27 Steve Butler

The comparison of graphs is a vitally important, yet difficult task which arises across a number of diverse research areas including biological and social networks. There have been a number of approaches to define graph distance however…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Andrew Mellor , Angelica Grusovin

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in many scenarios with graph-structured data. However, in many real applications, there are three issues when applying GNNs: graphs are unknown, nodes have noisy features, and graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yixiang Shan , Jielong Yang , Xing Liu , Yixing Gao , Hechang Chen , Shuzhi Sam Ge

A subgraph is constructed by using a subset of vertices and edges of a given graph. There exist many graph properties that are hereditary for subgraphs. Hence, researchers from different communities have paid a great deal of attention in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-06 Kai Siong Yow , Ningyi Liao , Siqiang Luo , Reynold Cheng , Chenhao Ma , Xiaolin Han

Matrices are the most common representations of graphs. They are also used for the representation of algebras and cluster algebras. This paper shows some properties of matrices in order to facilitate the understanding and locating…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-12 Elisângela Silva Dias , Diane Castonguay , Mitre Costa Dourado

Matrix congruence can be used to mimic linear maps between homogeneous quadratic polynomials in $n$ variables. We introduce a generalization, called standard-form congruence, which mimics affine maps between non-homogeneous quadratic…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2018-09-19 Jason Gaddis

This paper presents the novel `uniqueness tree' algorithm, as one possible method for determining whether two finite, undirected graphs are isomorphic. We prove that the algorithm has polynomial time complexity in the worst case, and that…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Jonathan Gorard

A fundamental problem in signal processing is to denoise a signal. While there are many well-performing methods for denoising signals defined on regular supports, such as images defined on two-dimensional grids of pixels, many important…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-20 Samuel Rey , Santiago Segarra , Reinhard Heckel , Antonio G. Marques

Graph matrices are a type of matrix which has played a crucial role in analyzing the sum of squares hierarchy on average case problems. However, except for rough norm bounds, little is known about graph matrices. In this paper, we take a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Wenjun Cai , Aaron Potechin

Associated to a graph $G$ is a set $\mathcal{S}(G)$ of all real-valued symmetric matrices whose off-diagonal entries are nonzero precisely when the corresponding vertices of the graph are adjacent, and the diagonal entries are free to be…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Mohammad Adm , Shaun Fallat , Karen Meagher , Shahla Nasserasr , Sarah Plosker , Boting Yang

An independent set $I$ in a graph $G$ is maximal if $I$ is not properly contained in any other independent set of $G$. The study of maximal independent sets (MIS's) in various graphs is well-established, often focusing upon enumeration of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Levi Axelrod , Nathan Bickel , Anastasia Halfpap , Luke Hawranick , Alex Parker , Cole Swain

In graph learning, maps between graphs and their subgraphs frequently arise. For instance, when coarsening or rewiring operations are present along the pipeline, one needs to keep track of the corresponding nodes between the original and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Marco Pegoraro , Riccardo Marin , Arianna Rampini , Simone Melzi , Luca Cosmo , Emanuele Rodolà