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The objective of this work is to augment the basic abilities of a robot by learning to use sensorimotor primitives to solve complex long-horizon manipulation problems. This requires flexible generative planning that can combine primitive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Zi Wang , Caelan Reed Garrett , Leslie Pack Kaelbling , Tomás Lozano-Pérez

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly in recent years, demonstrating strong capabilities in problem comprehension and reasoning. Inspired by these developments, researchers have begun exploring the use of LLMs as decentralized…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Peihan Li , Lifeng Zhou

In the field of Geriatronics, enabling effective and transparent communication between humans and robots is crucial for enhancing the acceptance and performance of assistive robots. Our early-stage research project investigates the…

We introduce RoboMorph, an automated approach for generating and optimizing modular robot designs using large language models (LLMs) and evolutionary algorithms. Each robot design is represented by a structured grammar, and we use LLMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Kevin Qiu , Władysław Pałucki , Krzysztof Ciebiera , Paweł Fijałkowski , Marek Cygan , Łukasz Kuciński

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in automating labor-intensive and complex activities, i.e., those consisting of multiple atomic tasks, by deploying robots in dynamic and unpredictable environments such as industrial and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Francesco Argenziano , Elena Umili , Francesco Leotta , Daniele Nardi

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has resulted in interest in their potential applications within manufacturing systems, particularly in the context of Industry 5.0. However, determining when to implement LLMs versus…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-27 John Oyekan , Christopher Turner , Michael Bax , Erich Graf

Programming social robots is challenging for novice robot programmers due to required expertise in planning, interaction design, and programming. While large language models (LLMs) hold significant promise through code generation from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Arissa J. Sato , Callie Y. Kim , Nathan Thomas White , Abhinav Maneesh , Yuqing Wang , Hui-Ru Ho , Bilge Mutlu

We present a framework for intuitive robot programming by non-experts, leveraging natural language prompts and contextual information from the Robot Operating System (ROS). Our system integrates large language models (LLMs), enabling…

This paper investigates the planning and control problems for multi-robot systems under linear temporal logic (LTL) specifications. In contrast to most of existing literature, which presumes a static and known environment, our study focuses…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Pian Yu , Gianmarco Fedeli , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

Robotic agents must master common sense and long-term sequential decisions to solve daily tasks through natural language instruction. The developments in Large Language Models (LLMs) in natural language processing have inspired efforts to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Yaran Chen , Wenbo Cui , Yuanwen Chen , Mining Tan , Xinyao Zhang , Dongbin Zhao , He Wang

As robotic systems become increasingly integrated into complex real-world environments, there is a growing need for approaches that enable robots to understand and act upon natural language instructions without relying on extensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Arvind Car , Sai Sravan Yarlagadda , Alison Bartsch , Abraham George , Amir Barati Farimani

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant progress in understanding complex natural language. One important application of LLM is LLM-based AI Agent, which leverages the ability of LLM as well as external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Zelong Li , Shuyuan Xu , Kai Mei , Wenyue Hua , Balaji Rama , Om Raheja , Hao Wang , He Zhu , Yongfeng Zhang

Large language models have given social robots the ability to autonomously engage in open-domain conversations. However, they are still missing a fundamental social skill: making use of the multiple modalities that carry social…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ruben Janssens , Tony Belpaeme

This paper focuses on planning robot navigation tasks from natural language specifications. We develop a modular approach, where a large language model (LLM) translates the natural language instructions into a linear temporal logic (LTL)…

In this paper, we extended the method proposed in [21] to enable humans to interact naturally with autonomous agents through vocal and textual conversations. Our extended method exploits the inherent capabilities of pre-trained large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Linus Nwankwo , Elmar Rueckert

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess substantial reasoning capabilities and are increasingly applied to optimization tasks, particularly in synergy with evolutionary computation. However, while recent surveys have explored specific aspects…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yisong Zhang , Ran Cheng , Guoxing Yi , Kay Chen Tan

Task-oriented dialogue generation is challenging since the underlying knowledge is often dynamic and effectively incorporating knowledge into the learning process is hard. It is particularly challenging to generate both human-like and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Md Rashad Al Hasan Rony , Ricardo Usbeck , Jens Lehmann

We propose a new Verbal Reinforcement Learning (VRL) framework for interpretable task-level planning in mobile robotic systems operating under execution uncertainty. The framework follows a closed-loop architecture that enables iterative…

As generative models become ubiquitous, there is a critical need for fine-grained control over the generation process. Yet, while controlled generation methods from prompting to fine-tuning proliferate, a fundamental question remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Emily Cheng , Carmen Amo Alonso , Federico Danieli , Arno Blaas , Luca Zappella , Pau Rodriguez , Xavier Suau

Recent work leverages the capabilities and commonsense priors of generative models for robot control. In this paper, we present an agentic control system in which a reasoning-capable language model plans and executes tasks by selecting and…