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The sixth-generation wireless communications (6G) is often labeled as "connected intelligence". Radio sensing, aligned with machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI), promises, among other benefits, breakthroughs in the…

Sixth-generation (6G) networks are increasingly envisioned as AI-native infrastructures integrating communication, sensing, and computing into a unified fabric. However, existing approaches remain largely optimization-centric, relying on…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Abderrahmane Lakas , Merouane Debbah

The fifth generation (5G) wireless communication networks are currently being deployed, and beyond 5G (B5G) networks are expected to be developed over the next decade. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and, in particular, machine…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Cheng-Xiang Wang , Marco Di Renzo , Slawomir Stańczak , Sen Wang , Erik G. Larsson

The conventional design of wireless communication systems typically relies on established mathematical models that capture the characteristics of different communication modules. Unfortunately, such design cannot be easily and directly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-04 Yifan Ma , Yifei Shen , Xianghao Yu , Jun Zhang , S. H. Song , Khaled B. Letaief

We derive a set of causal deep neural networks whose architectures are a consequence of tensor (multilinear) factor analysis, a framework that facilitates causal inference. Forward causal questions are addressed with a neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 M. Alex O. Vasilescu

As a key component to intuitive cognition and reasoning solutions in human intelligence, causal knowledge provides great potential for reinforcement learning (RL) agents' interpretability towards decision-making by helping reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Ruichu Cai , Siyang Huang , Jie Qiao , Wei Chen , Yan Zeng , Keli Zhang , Fuchun Sun , Yang Yu , Zhifeng Hao

Causal fairness in databases is crucial to preventing biased and inaccurate outcomes in downstream tasks. While most prior work assumes a known causal model, recent efforts relax this assumption by enforcing additional constraints. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Ying Zheng , Yangfan Jiang , Kian-Lee Tan

The use of terahertz (THz) communications with massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems in 6G can potentially provide high data rates and low latency communications. However, accurate channel estimation in THz frequencies…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Kitae Kim , Yan Kyaw Tun , Md. Shirajum Munir , Chirsto Kurisummoottil Thomas , Walid Saad , Choong Seon Hong

The advent of next-generation wireless communication systems heralds an era characterized by high data rates, low latency, massive connectivity, and superior energy efficiency. These systems necessitate innovative and adaptive strategies…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-07 Wei Huo , Huiwen Yang , Nachuan Yang , Zhaohua Yang , Jiuzhou Zhang , Fuhai Nan , Xingzhou Chen , Yifan Mao , Suyang Hu , Pengyu Wang , Xuanyu Zheng , Mingming Zhao , Ling Shi

Nowadays, as AI-driven manufacturing becomes increasingly popular, the volume of data streams requiring real-time monitoring continues to grow. However, due to limited resources, it is impractical to place sensors at every location to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Xiaofeng Xiao , Bo Shen , Xubo Yue

Causal induction, i.e., identifying unobservable mechanisms that lead to the observable relations among variables, has played a pivotal role in modern scientific discovery, especially in scenarios with only sparse and limited data. Humans,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Chi Zhang , Baoxiong Jia , Mark Edmonds , Song-Chun Zhu , Yixin Zhu

While initial applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in wireless communications over the past decade have demonstrated considerable potential using specialized models for targeted communication tasks, the revolutionary demands of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Jian Xiao , Ji Wang , Kunrui Cao , Xingwang Li , Zhao Chen , Chau Yuen

The study of causal structure in complex systems has gained increasing attention, with many recent studies exploring causal networks that capture cause-effect relationships across diverse fields. Despite increasing empirical evidence…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-02-26 Jiazhen Liu , Kunal Tamang , Dashun Wang , Chaoming Song

Causal inference has been a pivotal challenge across diverse domains such as medicine and economics, demanding a complicated integration of human knowledge, mathematical reasoning, and data mining capabilities. Recent advancements in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jing Ma

The ability to robustly identify causal relationships is essential for autonomous decision-making and adaptation to novel scenarios. However, accurately inferring causal structure requires integrating both world knowledge and abstract…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Khurram Yamin , Shantanu Gupta , Gaurav R. Ghosal , Zachary C. Lipton , Bryan Wilder

Deep learning based on artificial neural networks is a powerful machine learning method that, in the last few years, has been successfully used to realize tasks, e.g., image classification, speech recognition, translation of languages,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Alessio Zappone , Marco Di Renzo , Mérouane Debbah , Thanh Tu Lam , Xuewen Qian

The increasing complexity and scale of modern telecommunications networks demand intelligent automation to enhance efficiency, adaptability, and resilience. Agentic AI has emerged as a key paradigm for intelligent communications and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ruichen Zhang , Shunpu Tang , Yinqiu Liu , Dusit Niyato , Zehui Xiong , Sumei Sun , Shiwen Mao , Zhu Han

Driven by the advent of sophisticated and ubiquitous applications, and the ever-growing need for information, wireless networks are without a doubt steadily evolving into profoundly more complex and dynamic systems. The user demands are…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Amr El-Mougy , Mohamed Ibnkahla , Ghaith Hattab , Waleed Ejaz

Cellular wireless networks enable mobile broadband connectivity for Internet-based applications through their radio access and core network infrastructure. While Fifth-Generation (5G) cellular systems are currently being deployed, ongoing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Ekram Hossain , Angelo Vera-Rivera

This invited review discusses causal learning in the context of robotic intelligence. The paper introduced the psychological findings on causal learning in human cognition, then it introduced the traditional statistical solutions on causal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Yangming Li