Related papers: EU law and emotion data
Employment selection processes that use automated hiring systems based on machine learning are becoming increasingly commonplace. Meanwhile, concerns about algorithmic direct and indirect discrimination that result from such systems are…
The use of software applications is inevitable as they provide different services to users. The software applications collect, store users' data, and sometimes share with the third party, even without the user consent. One can argue that…
The ubiquity of systems using artificial intelligence or "AI" has brought increasing attention to how those systems should be regulated. The choice of how to regulate AI systems will require care. AI systems have the potential to synthesize…
This book provides a comprehensive exploration of affective computing and human-computer interaction technologies. It begins with the historical development and basic concepts of human-computer interaction, delving into the technical…
A new Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) was recently agreed upon in the European Union (EU). The paper examines and elaborates what new requirements the CRA entails by contrasting it with the older General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).…
In this paper, we examine how online political micro-targeting is regulated in Europe. While there are no specific rules on such micro-targeting, there are general rules that apply. We focus on three fields of law: data protection law,…
The European Union (EU) through the High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI-HLEG) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has recently posed an interesting challenge to the eXplainable AI (XAI) community, by…
Background: Governments worldwide are considering data privacy regulations. These laws, e.g. the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), require software developers to meet privacy-related requirements when interacting…
Data privacy legislation, such as GDPR and CCPA/CPRA, has rendered data privacy law compliance a requirement of all software systems. Developers need to implement various kinds of functionalities to cover law needs, including user rights…
Explainable AI (XAI) provides methods to understand non-interpretable machine learning models. However, we have little knowledge about what legal experts expect from these explanations, including their legal compliance with, and value…
Data-driven tools are increasingly used to make consequential decisions. They have begun to advise employers on which job applicants to interview, judges on which defendants to grant bail, lenders on which homeowners to give loans, and…
This paper focuses on some shortcomings in current privacy and data protection regulations' ability to adequately address the ramifications of AI-driven data processing practices, in particular where data sets are combined and processed by…
As 6G evolves into an AI-native technology, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and Generative AI into cellular communication systems presents unparalleled opportunities for enhancing connectivity, network optimization, and…
The artificial intelligence value chain is one of the main concepts underpinning the European legislation on the subject, especially the Artificial Intelligence Act. It is an economic concept that has become a legal one. i.e., a concept of…
We speak of a \textit{computational law} when that law is intended to be enforced by software through an automated decision-making process. As digital technologies evolve to offer more solutions for public administrations, we see an…
Under the current regulatory framework for data protections, the protection of human rights writ large and the corresponding outcomes are regulated largely independently from the data and tools that both threaten those rights and are needed…
The European Union introduced the Digital Services Act (DSA) to address the risks associated with digital platforms and promote a safer online environment. However, despite the potential of components such as the Transparency Database,…
In the realm of data protection, a striking disconnect prevails between traditional domains of doctrinal, legal, theoretical, and policy-based inquiries and a burgeoning body of empirical evidence. Much of the scholarly and regulatory…
The European Union (EU) has been pursuing new cyber security policies in recent years. This paper presents a short reflection of four such policies. The focus is on potential incoherency, meaning a lack of integration, divergence between…
Safety is becoming cybersecurity under most circumstances. This should be reflected in the Cybersecurity Resilience Act when it is proposed and agreed upon in the European Union. In this paper, we define a range of principles which this…