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The low surface brightness (LSB) regime ($\mu_{g} \gtrsim 26$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$) comprises a vast, mostly unexplored discovery space, from dwarf galaxies to the diffuse interstellar medium. Accessing this regime requires precisely removing…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-01-24 A. E. Watkins , S. Kaviraj , C. C. Collins , J. H. Knapen , L. S. Kelvin , P. -A. Duc , J. Román , J. C. Mihos

Salient object detection in optical remote sensing images (ORSI-SOD) has been widely explored for understanding ORSIs. However, previous methods focus mainly on improving the detection accuracy while neglecting the cost in memory and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Gongyang Li , Zhi Liu , Zhen Bai , Weisi Lin , and Haibin Ling

Although many exoplanets have been indirectly detected over the last years, direct imaging of them with ground-based telescopes remains challenging. In the presence of atmospheric fluctuations, it is ambitious to resolve the high brightness…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-08 Jakob Roth , Gianluca Li Causi , Vincenzo Testa , Philipp Arras , Torsten A. Enßlin

The SLAM system based on static scene assumption will introduce huge estimation errors when moving objects appear in the field of view. This paper proposes a novel multi-object dynamic lidar odometry (MLO) based on semantic object detection…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Tingchen Ma , Yongsheng Ou

Space Debris (SD) consist of non-operational artificial objects orbiting around the Earth, which could possibly damage space vehicles, such as the International Space Station (ISS) or other manned spacecrafts. The vast majority of such…

Real-time gas classification is an essential issue and challenge in applications such as food and beverage quality control, accident prevention in industrial environments, for instance. In recent years, the Deep Learning (DL) models have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-05 Juan C. Rodriguez Gamboa , Adenilton J. da Silva , Ismael C. S. Araujo , Eva Susana Albarracin E. , Cristhian M. Duran A

Weakly supervised object detection is a challenging task when provided with image category supervision but required to learn, at the same time, object locations and object detectors. The inconsistency between the weak supervision and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Fang Wan , Pengxu Wei , Zhenjun Han , Jianbin Jiao , Qixiang Ye

Object detection is essential in space applications targeting Space Domain Awareness and also applications involving relative navigation scenarios. Current deep learning models for Object Detection in space applications are often trained on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Samet Hicsonmez , Abd El Rahman Shabayek , Arunkumar Rathinam , Djamila Aouada

Detecting drift in performance of Machine Learning (ML) models is an acknowledged challenge. For ML models to become an integral part of business applications it is essential to detect when an ML model drifts away from acceptable operation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Samuel Ackerman , Parijat Dube , Eitan Farchi , Orna Raz , Marcel Zalmanovici

Spacecraft anomaly detection is critical for mission safety, yet deploying sophisticated models on-board presents significant challenges due to hardware constraints. This paper investigates three approaches for spacecraft telemetry anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Christopher Goetze , Tim Schlippe , Daniel Lakey

LiDAR point clouds are widely used in autonomous driving and consist of large numbers of 3D points captured at high frequency to represent surrounding objects such as vehicles, pedestrians, and traffic signs. While this dense data enables…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Z. Rozsa , Á. Madaras , Q. Wei , X. Lu , M. Golarits , H. Yuan , T. Sziranyi , R. Hamzaoui

Dense object detection is widely used in automatic driving, video surveillance, and other fields. This paper focuses on the challenging task of dense object detection. Currently, detection methods based on greedy algorithms, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yueming Huang , Chenrui Ma , Hao Zhou , Hao Wu , Guowu Yuan

Microlensing experiments today have a tantalizing result; they have detected an excess of microlensing events beyond what is expected from known stellar populations. These events could be due to a possible form of Halo dark matter. However,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 David S. Graff , Alex Kim

Fast moving celestial objects are characterized by velocities across the celestial sphere that significantly differ from the motions of background stars. In observational images, these objects exhibit distinct shapes, contrasting with the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-11 Peng Jia , Ge Li , Bafeng Cheng , Yushan Li , Rongyu Sun

Orbital debris poses an escalating threat to space missions and the long-term sustainability of Earth's orbital environment. The literature proposes various approaches for orbital debris remediation, including the use of multiple…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-17 David O. Williams Rogers , Hang Woon Lee

Traditional object detection methods face performance degradation challenges in complex scenarios such as low-light conditions and heavy occlusions due to a lack of high-level semantic understanding. To address this, this paper proposes an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Yunqing Hu , Zheming Yang , Chang Zhao , Wen Ji

The significant expansion of the orbital debris population poses a serious threat to the safety and sustainability of space operations. This paper investigates orbital debris remediation through a constellation of collaborative space-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-30 David O. Williams Rogers , Matthew C. Fox , Paul R. Stysley , Hang Woon Lee

Many modern robotics systems employ LiDAR as their main sensing modality due to its geometrical richness. Rolling shutter LiDARs are particularly common, in which an array of lasers scans the scene from a rotating base. Points are emitted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Davi Frossard , Simon Suo , Sergio Casas , James Tu , Rui Hu , Raquel Urtasun

Detecting orbital anomalies, such as maneuvers, atmospheric decay, and attitude upsets, across the rapidly growing population of low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites is a prerequisite for collision avoidance, decay forecasting, and conjunction…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yong Fu

Recently, infrared small target detection (IRSTD) has been dominated by deep-learning-based methods. However, these methods mainly focus on the design of complex model structures to extract discriminative features, leaving the loss…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Qiankun Liu , Rui Liu , Bolun Zheng , Hongkui Wang , Ying Fu