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Optical biosensors are indispensable in medical and environmental diagnostics, yet existing approaches are fundamentally limited in their sensitivity due to ensemble-averaged measurements. Digital biosensing has emerged as a promising…

When introducing a nanoparticle into an optical trap, its mass and shape are not immediately apparent. We combine a charge-based mass measurement with a shape determination method based on light scattering and an analysis of the damping…

Label-free imaging of rapidly moving, sub-diffraction sized structures has important applications in both biology and material science, as it removes the limitations associated with fluorescence tagging. However, unlabeled nanoscale…

The albedo and dichroic polarization of spheroidal particles are studied. For the description of the phase function two asymmetry parameters $g_{||}$ and $g_{\bot}$ characterizing the anisotropy in forward/backward and left/right directions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nikolai V. Voshchinnikov

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) using solid particles has been proposed as an alternative to sulfate aerosols for solar radiation modification, but practical deployment faces challenges in efficiently deagglomerating and dispersing…

The ever-growing field of microfluidics requires precise and flexible control over fluid flow at the micro- and nanoscales. Current constraints demand a variety of controllable components for performing different operations inside closed…

Interferometric scattering microscopy has been a very promising technology for highly sensitive label-free imaging of a broad spectrum of biological nanoparticles from proteins to viruses in a high-throughput manner. Although it can reveal…

Optics · Physics 2021-08-11 Celalettin Yurdakul , Haonan Zong , Yeran Bai , Ji-Xin Cheng , M. Selim Unlu

Achieving high-throughput, comprehensive analysis of single nanoparticles to determine their size, shape, and composition is essential for understanding particle heterogeneity with applications ranging from drug delivery to environmental…

We are interested in the spectroscopic behaviour of a gas confined in a micrometric or even nanometric volume. Such a situation could be encountered by the filling-up of a porous medium, such as a photonic crystal, with an atomic gas. Here,…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Marco Romanelli , Isabelle Maurin , Petko Todorov , Chia-Hua Chan , Daniel Bloch

The understanding of (sub-)millimetre polarisation has made a leap forward since high-resolution imaging with ALMA came available. Amongst other effects, self-scattering (i.e., scattering of thermal dust emission on other grains) is thought…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 Florian Kirchschlager , Gesa H. -M. Bertrang

Live cell imaging using metallic nanoparticles as tags is an emerging technique to visualize long and highly dynamic processes due to the lack of photobleaching and high photon rate. However, the lack of excited states as compared to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-01-12 H. E. Grecco , O. E. Martínez

Entanglement witnessing is essential for quantum technologies such as computing, key distribution, and networking. Conventional bulk-optics methods require sequential reconfiguration across multiple polarization bases, limiting efficiency…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Mohamed ElKabbash

Optical near-fields of small dielectric particles are of particular importance and interests for nanoscale optical engineering such as field localization, fabrication, characterization, sensing and imaging. This paper represents a…

Optics · Physics 2013-04-25 Zengbo Wang , Yi Zhou , Boris Luk'yanchuk

We propose a three-dimensional nonlinear diffusion method to implement the similar autofocusing function of multiple micro-objects and simultaneously remove the defocused images, which can distinguish the locations of certain sized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Wei-Na Li , Zhengyun Zhang , Jianshe Ma , Xiaohao Wang , Ping Su

Dynamic light scattering techniques are routinely used for numerous industrial and research applications, because they can give access to the motion spectrum of micro- and nano-objects, and therefore to particle sizes or visco-elastic…

Optics · Physics 2022-09-22 Guillaume Graciani , John T. King , Francois Amblard

Single molecule X-ray scattering experiments using free electron lasers hold the potential to resolve both single structures and structural ensembles of biomolecules. However, molecular electron density determination has so far not been…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Steffen Schultze , Helmut Grubmüller

Inverse scattering methods capable of compressive imaging are proposed and analyzed. The methods employ randomly and repeatedly (multiple-shot) the single-input-single-output (SISO) measurements in which the probe frequencies, the incident…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-05-14 Albert C. Fannjiang

Optical microscopy offers a unique insight of biological structures with a sub-micrometer resolution and a minimum invasiveness. However, the inhomogeneities of the specimen itself can induce multiple scattering of light and optical…

Digital assays represent a shift from traditional diagnostics and enable the precise detection of low-abundance analytes, critical for early disease diagnosis and personalized medicine, through discrete counting of biomolecular reporters.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-08 Neil H. Kim , Xiao-Liu Chu , Joseph B. DeGrandchamp , Matthew R. Foreman

This review summarizes recent progress in investigating polymer systems by using Differential dynamic microscopy (DDM), a rapidly emerging approach that transforms a commercial microscope by combining real-space information with the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-06-07 Roberto Cerbino , Fabio Giavazzi , Matthew E. Helgeson