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Large Language Models (LLMs) have remarkable capabilities across NLP tasks. However, their performance in multilingual contexts, especially within the mental health domain, has not been thoroughly explored. In this paper, we evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Nishat Raihan , Sadiya Sayara Chowdhury Puspo , Ana-Maria Bucur , Stevie Chancellor , Marcos Zampieri

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLMs) leverages Large Language Models as a cognitive framework for diverse visual-language tasks. Recent efforts have been made to equip MLLMs with visual perceiving and grounding capabilities. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Junwen He , Yifan Wang , Lijun Wang , Huchuan Lu , Jun-Yan He , Jin-Peng Lan , Bin Luo , Xuansong Xie

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a powerful tool in advancing the Text-to-SQL task, significantly outperforming traditional methods.Nevertheless, as a nascent research field, there is still no consensus on the optimal prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Bin Zhang , Yuxiao Ye , Guoqing Du , Xiaoru Hu , Zhishuai Li , Chi Harold Liu , Zhiwei Xu , Guoliang Fan , Rui Zhao , Ziyue Li , Hangyu Mao

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with visual analytics, addressing their foundational concepts, capabilities, and wide-ranging applications. It begins by outlining the theoretical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Navya Sonal Agarwal , Sanjay Kumar Sonbhadra

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become adept at recognizing objects, they often lack the intuitive, human-like understanding of the world's underlying physical and social principles. This high-level vision-grounded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Tianxiang Jiang , Sheng Xia , Yicheng Xu , Linquan Wu , Xiangyu Zeng , Limin Wang , Yu Qiao , Yi Wang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in integrating visual perception with language understanding. However, effective multimodal reasoning requires both accurate perception and robust reasoning, and weakness in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Sourabh Sharma , Sonam Gupta , Sadbhawna

Researchers have made notable progress in applying Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve math problems, as demonstrated through efforts like GSM8k, ProofNet, AlphaGeometry, and MathOdyssey. This progress has sparked interest in their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Adit Gupta , Jennifer Reddig , Tommaso Calo , Daniel Weitekamp , Christopher J. MacLellan

Multimodal models typically combine a powerful large language model (LLM) with a vision encoder and are then trained on multimodal data via instruction tuning. While this process adapts LLMs to multimodal settings, it remains unclear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Neale Ratzlaff , Man Luo , Xin Su , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

Human communication is a multifaceted and multimodal skill. Communication requires an understanding of both the surface-level textual content and the connotative intent of a piece of communication. In humans, learning to go beyond the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Benjamin Reichman , Kartik Talamadupula

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly sophisticated and ubiquitous in natural language processing (NLP) applications, ensuring their robustness, trustworthiness, and alignment with human values has become a critical challenge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Wrick Talukdar , Anjanava Biswas

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have advanced vision-language reasoning and are increasingly deployed in embodied agents. However, significant limitations remain: MLLMs generalize poorly across digital-physical spaces and…

Recently, computer scientists have developed large language models (LLMs) by training prediction models with large-scale language corpora and human reinforcements. The LLMs have become one promising way to implement artificial intelligence…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Hyemin Han

Recent progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has highlighted the critical roles of both the visual backbone and the underlying language model. While prior work has primarily focused on scaling these components to billions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Federico Cocchi , Nicholas Moratelli , Davide Caffagni , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

The language ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is often unbalanced towards English because of the imbalance in the distribution of the pre-training data. This disparity is demanded in further fine-tuning and affecting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Leonardo Ranaldi , Giulia Pucci , Andre Freitas

Compared to traditional sentiment analysis, which only considers text, multimodal sentiment analysis needs to consider emotional signals from multimodal sources simultaneously and is therefore more consistent with the way how humans process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Hao Yang , Yanyan Zhao , Yang Wu , Shilong Wang , Tian Zheng , Hongbo Zhang , Zongyang Ma , Wanxiang Che , Bing Qin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various industries due to their exceptional generative capabilities. However, for safe and effective real-world deployments, ensuring honesty and helpfulness is critical.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Chujie Gao , Siyuan Wu , Yue Huang , Dongping Chen , Qihui Zhang , Zhengyan Fu , Yao Wan , Lichao Sun , Xiangliang Zhang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have been integrated into visual interpretation applications to support Blind and Low Vision (BLV) users because of their accuracy and ability to provide rich, human-like interpretations. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Ricardo Gonzalez Penuela , Felipe Arias-Russi , Victor Capriles

The growing use of large language models (LLMs) has increased the need for automatic evaluation systems, particularly to address the challenge of information hallucination. Although existing faithfulness evaluation approaches have shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Carlo Alfano , Aymen Al Marjani , Zeno Jonke , Amin Mantrach , Saab Mansour , Marcello Federico

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) can process text presented as images, yet they often perform worse than when the same content is provided as textual tokens. We systematically diagnose this "modality gap" by evaluating seven MLLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Kaiser Sun , Xiaochuang Yuan , Hongjun Liu , Chen Zhao , Cheng Zhang , Mark Dredze , Fan Bai

Recent advances in vision-language models have shown notable generalization in broad tasks through visual instruction tuning. However, bridging the gap between the pre-trained vision encoder and the large language models (LLMs) becomes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Guohao Sun , Can Qin , Jiamian Wang , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu , Zhiqiang Tao