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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense capabilities in understanding textual data and are increasingly being adopted to help researchers accelerate scientific discovery through knowledge extraction (information retrieval),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Robinson Umeike , Neil Getty , Fangfang Xia , Rick Stevens

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly better at a wide range of Natural Language Processing tasks (NLP), such as text generation and understanding. Recently, these models have extended their capabilities to coding tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Nishat Raihan , Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Joanna C. S. Santos , Marcos Zampieri

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel on benchmark vision-language tasks, yet little is known about how input visual quality shapes their responses. Does higher perceptual quality of images already translate to better MLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Shuo Xing , Lanqing Guo , Hongyuan Hua , Seoyoung Lee , Peiran Li , Yufei Wang , Zhangyang Wang , Zhengzhong Tu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), built on powerful language backbones, have enabled Multimodal In-Context Learning (MICL)-adapting to new tasks from a few multimodal demonstrations consisting of images, questions, and answers.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Shuo Chen , Jianzhe Liu , Zhen Han , Yan Xia , Daniel Cremers , Philip Torr , Volker Tresp , Jindong Gu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) combine visual and textual data for tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. Proper uncertainty calibration is crucial, yet challenging, for reliable use in areas like healthcare…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Zijun Chen , Wenbo Hu , Guande He , Zhijie Deng , Zheng Zhang , Richang Hong

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved impressive performance in cross-modal understanding across textual and visual inputs, yet existing benchmarks predominantly focus on pure-text queries. In real-world scenarios, language also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qing'an Liu , Juntong Feng , Yuhao Wang , Xinzhe Han , Yujie Cheng , Yue Zhu , Haiwen Diao , Yunzhi Zhuge , Huchuan Lu

Despite strong performance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on multimodal tasks, predicting whether and why an image is persuasive remains challenging. We first show that prompting MLLMs to reason before prediction does not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Naeun Lee , Hyunjong Kim , Sunghwan Choi , Injin Kong , Yohan Jo

Proprietary Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional capabilities in handling a diverse range of tasks. Recent studies demonstrate that open-sourced smaller foundational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yue Zhang , Leyang Cui , Deng Cai , Xinting Huang , Tao Fang , Wei Bi

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite being trained on text alone, surprisingly develop rich visual priors. These priors allow latent visual capabilities to be unlocked for vision tasks with a relatively small amount of multimodal data, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Junlin Han , Shengbang Tong , David Fan , Yufan Ren , Koustuv Sinha , Philip Torr , Filippos Kokkinos

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated on reasoning tasks, yet their logical abilities remain contested. To address this, we study LLMs' reasoning in a well-defined fragment of logic: syllogistic reasoning. We cast the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Leonardo Bertolazzi , Manuel Vargas Guzmán , Raffaella Bernardi , Maciej Malicki , Jakub Szymanik

LLM-powered multimodal systems are increasingly used to interpret human behavior, yet how researchers apply the models' 'social competence' remains poorly understood. This paper presents a systematic literature review of 176 publications…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zihan Liu , Parisa Rabbani , Veda Duddu , Kyle Fan , Madison Lee , Yun Huang

In recent years, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved strong performance in OCR-centric Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks, illustrating their capability to process heterogeneous data and exhibit adaptability across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Chen Duan , Zhentao Guo , Pei Fu , Zining Wang , Kai Zhou , Pengfei Yan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in highly-specialized domains, however challenges are still present in aspects of accuracy and costs. These limitations restrict the usage of existing models in domain-specific tasks. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Iftach Arbel , Yehonathan Refael , Ofir Lindenbaum

Visual language models (VLMs) rapidly progressed with the recent success of large language models. There have been growing efforts on visual instruction tuning to extend the LLM with visual inputs, but lacks an in-depth study of the visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Ji Lin , Hongxu Yin , Wei Ping , Yao Lu , Pavlo Molchanov , Andrew Tao , Huizi Mao , Jan Kautz , Mohammad Shoeybi , Song Han

Recent advancements indicate that scaling up Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) effectively enhances performance on downstream multimodal tasks. The prevailing MLLM paradigm, \emph{e.g.}, LLaVA, transforms visual features into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Wenqiao Zhang , Tianwei Lin , Jiang Liu , Fangxun Shu , Haoyuan Li , Lei Zhang , He Wanggui , Hao Zhou , Zheqi Lv , Hao Jiang , Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Large Language Models (LLMs), trained on extensive web-scale corpora, have demonstrated remarkable abilities across diverse tasks, especially as they are scaled up. Nevertheless, even state-of-the-art models struggle in certain cases,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Irina Bigoulaeva , Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Iryna Gurevych

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in complex visual understanding across scientific and reasoning tasks. While performance benchmarking has advanced our understanding of these capabilities, the critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Asif Azad , Mohammad Sadat Hossain , MD Sadik Hossain Shanto , M Saifur Rahman , Md Rizwan Parvez

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in short video understanding tasks but face great challenges when applied to long video understanding. In contrast, Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit outstanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Hongchen Wei , Zhenzhong Chen

Open-source multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown significant potential in a broad range of multimodal tasks. However, their reasoning capabilities remain constrained by existing instruction-tuning datasets, which were…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jarvis Guo , Tuney Zheng , Yuelin Bai , Bo Li , Yubo Wang , King Zhu , Yizhi Li , Graham Neubig , Wenhu Chen , Xiang Yue

The rise of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has become a transformative force in the field of artificial intelligence, enabling machines to process and generate content across multiple modalities, such as text, images, audio, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Ming Li , Keyu Chen , Ziqian Bi , Ming Liu , Xinyuan Song , Zekun Jiang , Tianyang Wang , Benji Peng , Qian Niu , Junyu Liu , Jinlang Wang , Sen Zhang , Xuanhe Pan , Jiawei Xu , Pohsun Feng