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Text-to-image generative models, specifically those based on diffusion models like Imagen and Stable Diffusion, have made substantial advancements. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the delicate refinement of text prompts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Wenyi Mo , Tianyu Zhang , Yalong Bai , Bing Su , Ji-Rong Wen , Qing Yang

Text-to-image diffusion models can emit copyrighted, unsafe, or private content. Safety alignment aims to suppress specific concepts, yet evaluations seldom test whether safety persists under benign downstream fine-tuning routinely applied…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Mohammed Talha Alam , Nada Saadi , Fahad Shamshad , Nils Lukas , Karthik Nandakumar , Fahkri Karray , Samuele Poppi

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have shown great performance in generating images based on textual prompts. However, these models are vulnerable to unsafe input to generate unsafe content like sexual, harassment and illegal-activity images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Zongyu Wu , Hongcheng Gao , Yueze Wang , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

Recent text-to-image (T2I) models have had great success, and many benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate their performance and safety. However, they only consider explicit prompts while neglecting implicit prompts (hint at a target…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yue Yang , Yuqi Lin , Hong Liu , Wenqi Shao , Runjian Chen , Hailong Shang , Yu Wang , Yu Qiao , Kaipeng Zhang , Ping Luo

Text-to-image models have shown remarkable progress in generating high-quality images from user-provided prompts. Despite this, the quality of these images varies due to the models' sensitivity to human language nuances. With advancements…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Xinrui Yang , Zhuohan Wang , Anthony Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained increasing attention for their remarkable capacity, alongside concerns about safety arising from their potential to produce harmful content. Red teaming aims to find prompts that could elicit harmful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Rui Li , Peiyi Wang , Jingyuan Ma , Di Zhang , Lei Sha , Zhifang Sui

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models, with their impressive generative capabilities, have been adopted for image editing tasks, demonstrating remarkable efficacy. However, due to attention leakage and collision between the cross-attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Xingxi Yin , Zhi Li , Jingfeng Zhang , Chenglin Li , Yin Zhang

Text-to-image diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for high-quality image generation and editing. Many existing approaches rely on text prompts as editing guidance. However, these methods are constrained by the need for manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yuanyuan Chang , Yinghua Yao , Tao Qin , Mengmeng Wang , Ivor Tsang , Guang Dai

This paper considers the problem of utilizing a large-scale text-to-image diffusion model to tackle the challenging Inexact Segmentation (IS) task. Unlike traditional approaches that rely heavily on discriminative-model-based paradigms or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Tianjiao Zhang , Fei Zhang , Jiangchao Yao , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang

Prompt engineering is still the primary way for users of generative text-to-image models to manipulate generated images in a targeted way. Based on treating the model as a continuous function and by passing gradients between the image space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Niklas Deckers , Julia Peters , Martin Potthast

Text-to-Image models may generate harmful content, such as pornographic images, particularly when unsafe prompts are submitted. To address this issue, safety filters are often added on top of text-to-image models, or the models themselves…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Zhengyuan Jiang , Yuepeng Hu , Yuchen Yang , Yinzhi Cao , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Recently, there have been significant improvements in the quality and performance of text-to-image generation, largely due to the impressive results attained by diffusion models. However, text-to-image diffusion models sometimes struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Wonjun Kang , Kevin Galim , Hyung Il Koo , Nam Ik Cho

This paper introduces the first gradient-based framework for prompt optimization in text-to-image diffusion models. We formulate prompt engineering as a discrete optimization problem over the language space. Two major challenges arise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Ruochen Wang , Ting Liu , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Boqing Gong

The remarkable image generation capabilities of state-of-the-art diffusion models, such as Stable Diffusion, can also be misused to spread misinformation and plagiarize copyrighted materials. To mitigate the potential risks associated with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Qiuyu Tang , Bonor Ayambem , Mooi Choo Chuah , Aparna Bharati

Text-to-image (T2I) models have raised increasing safety concerns due to their capacity to generate NSFW and other banned objects. To mitigate these risks, safety filters and concept removal techniques have been introduced to block…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Xi Ye , Yiwen Liu , Lina Wang , Run Wang , Geying Yang , Yufei Hou , Jiayi Yu

Diffusion models have demonstrated excellent capabilities in text-to-image generation. Their semantic understanding (i.e., prompt following) ability has also been greatly improved with large language models (e.g., T5, Llama). However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Anthony Chen , Jianjin Xu , Wenzhao Zheng , Gaole Dai , Yida Wang , Renrui Zhang , Haofan Wang , Shanghang Zhang

Diffusion models (DMs) have become the new trend of generative models and have demonstrated a powerful ability of conditional synthesis. Among those, text-to-image diffusion models pre-trained on large-scale image-text pairs are highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Wenliang Zhao , Yongming Rao , Zuyan Liu , Benlin Liu , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

The rapid advancement of diffusion models has enabled high-fidelity and semantically rich text-to-image generation; however, ensuring fairness and safety remains an open challenge. Existing methods typically improve fairness and safety at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Silpa Vadakkeeveetil Sreelatha , Sauradip Nag , Muhammad Awais , Serge Belongie , Anjan Dutta

Stable Diffusion is a recent open-source image generation model comparable to proprietary models such as DALLE, Imagen, or Parti. Stable Diffusion comes with a safety filter that aims to prevent generating explicit images. Unfortunately,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Javier Rando , Daniel Paleka , David Lindner , Lennart Heim , Florian Tramèr

Recent advances in Diffusion Models have enabled the generation of images from text, with powerful closed-source models like DALL-E and Midjourney leading the way. However, open-source alternatives, such as StabilityAI's Stable Diffusion,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Massine El Khader , Elias Al Bouzidi , Abdellah Oumida , Mohammed Sbaihi , Eliott Binard , Jean-Philippe Poli , Wassila Ouerdane , Boussad Addad , Katarzyna Kapusta