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We study the spectral theory for the first-order system $Ju'+qu=wf$ of differential equations on the real interval $(a,b)$ where $J$ is a constant, invertible, skew-hermitian matrix and $q$ and $w$ are matrices whose entries are…

We consider the differential equation $Ju'+qu=wf$ on the real interval $(a,b)$ when $J$ is a constant, invertible skew-Hermitian matrix and $q$ and $w$ are matrices whose entries are distributions of order zero with $q$ Hermitian and $w$…

We study the spectral theory for the first-order system $Ju'+qu=wf$ of differential equations on the real interval $(a,b)$ when $J$ is a constant, invertible skew-Hermitian matrix and $q$ and $w$ are matrices whose entries are distributions…

This paper is concerned with singular matrix difference equations of mixed order. The existence and uniqueness of initial value problems for these equations are derived, and then the classification of them is obtained with a similar…

We consider the Neumann problem for the equation $u_{xx}+\lambda f(u)=0$ in the punctured interval $(-1,1) \setminus \{0\}$, where $\lambda>0$ is a bifurcation parameter and $f(u)=u-u^3$. At $x=0$, we impose the conditions…

We study the extension theory for the two-dimensional first-order system $Ju' +qu = wf$ of differential equations on the real interval $(a,b)$ where $J$ is a constant, invertible, skew-hermitian matrix and $q$ and $w$ are matrices whose…

We study positive solutions of the equation $-\Delta_g u + \lambda u = \lambda u^q$, with $\lambda >0$, $q>1$ on the round sphere $\mathbb{S}^n$ . We reduce the equation to an ordinary differential equation by considering isoparametric…

Let $(M^n,g)$ be an n-dimensional complete Riemannian manifold. We consider gradient estimates and Liouville type theorems for positive solutions to the following nonlinear elliptic equation: $$\Delta u+au\log u=0,$$ where $a$ is a nonzero…

We establish a Floquet theorem for a first-order system of differential equations $u'=ru$ where $r$ is an $n\times n$-matrix whose entries are periodic distributions of order $0$. Then we investigate, when $n=1$ and $n=2$, the spectral…

The approach to the consideration of the ordinary differential equations with distributions in the classical space $\mathcal D'$ of distributions with continuous test functions has certain insufficiencies: the notations are incorrect from…

We study radial solutions of the semilinear elliptic equation $\Delta u+f(u)=0$ under rather general growth conditions on $f$. We construct a radial singular solution and study the intersection number between the singular solution and a…

In this paper we mainly investigate the radial distribution of Julia set of derivatives of entire solutions of some complex linear differential equations. Under certain conditions, we find the lower bound of it which improve some recent…

Let $A$ be a transcendental entire function of finite order. We show that if the differential equation $w''+Aw=0$ has two linearly independent solutions with only real zeros, then the order of $A$ must be an odd integer or one half of an…

We consider nonlinear elliptic equations that are naturally obtained from the elliptic Schr\"odinger equation $-\Delta u +Vu=0$ in the setting of the calculus of variations, and obtain $L^q$-estimates for the gradient of weak solutions. In…

Semilinear elliptic equations of the form $-\Delta u =\lambda|u|^{p-2}u- |u|^{q-2}u$ in bounded and unbounded domains are considered. In the plane of exponents $p\times q$, the so-called critical exponents curve is introduced which…

We derive the discrete linear systems associated to multi--matrix models, the corresponding discrete hierarchies and the appropriate coupling conditions. We also obtain the $W_{1+\infty}$ constraints on the partition function. We then apply…

In this paper, first we study carefully the positive solutions to $\Delta u+\lambda_{1}u\ln u +\lambda_{2}u^{b+1}=0$ defined on a complete noncompact Riemannian manifold $(M, g)$ with $Ric(g)\geq -Kg$, which can be regarded as…

This paper investigates the distribution of integral points on projective varieties via two distinct methods: the Ru-Vojta theorem and our higher-dimensional generalization of the Huang-Levin-Xiao inequalities. These approaches operate…

We study integrable hierarchies associated with spectral problems of the form $P\psi=\lambda Q\psi$ where $P,Q$ are difference operators. The corresponding nonlinear differential-difference equations can be viewed as inhomogeneous…

In this paper, we consider characterisations of the class of unitary matrix integrals $\big\langle (\det U)^q {\rm e}^{s^{1/2} \operatorname{Tr}(U + U^\dagger)} \big\rangle_{U(l)}$ in terms of a first-order matrix linear differential…