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Automated experimentation with real time data analysis in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) often require end-to-end framework. The four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) with high-throughput…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mingyu Liu , Zian Mao , Zhu Liu , Haoran Zhang , Jintao Guo , Xiaoya He , Xi Huang , Shufen Chu , Chun Cheng , Jun Ding , Yujun Xie

A real-time image reconstruction method for scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is proposed. With an algorithm requiring only the center of mass (COM) of the diffraction pattern at one probe position at a time, it is able to…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-12-15 Chu-Ping Yu , Thomas Friedrich , Daen Jannis , Sandra Van Aert , Johan Verbeeck

We demonstrate a multi-beam scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) imaging that integrates down-sampling with super-resolution image reconstruction via a compressive sensing framework. A custom condenser aperture with six randomly…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-19 Akira Yasuhara , Takumi Sannomiya , Ryoichi Horisaki

In four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D STEM) a focused beam is scanned over a specimen and a diffraction pattern is recorded at each position using a pixelated detector. During the experiment, it must be ensured…

While electron microscopy offers crucial atomic-resolution insights into structure-property relationships, radiation damage severely limits its use on beam-sensitive materials like proteins and 2D materials. To overcome this challenge, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Zifei Wang , Zian Mao , Xiaoya He , Xi Huang , Haoran Zhang , Chun Cheng , Shufen Chu , Tingzheng Hou , Xiaoqin Zeng , Yujun Xie

Three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) has emerged as a powerful method for solving the structures of sub-micron-sized particles down to nanoparticles. However, it faces technical challenges when applied to beam-sensitive samples or…

Recent theoretical and experimental work has shown that the quantum Fisher information associated with estimating the separation between two optical point sources remains finite at small separations, effectively opening new routes to…

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been extensively used for imaging complex materials down to atomic resolution. The most commonly employed STEM modality, annular dark-field imaging, produces easily-interpretable…

Momentum-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy (MRSTEM) is a powerful phase-contrast technique that can map lateral magnetic and electric fields ranging from the micrometer to the subatomic scale. Resolving fields ranging from…

We introduce a new image contrast mechanism for scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) that derives from the local symmetry within the specimen. For a given position of the electron probe on the specimen, the image intensity is…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-12-30 Matus Krajnak , Joanne Etheridge

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has become the technique of choice for quantitative characterization of atomic structure of materials, where the minute displacements of atomic columns from high-symmetry positions can be…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-05 Kevin M. Roccapriore , Nicole Creange , Maxim Ziatdinov , Sergei V. Kalinin

Postselected weak measurement has shown significant potential for detecting small physical effects due to its unique weak-value-amplification phenomenon. Previous works suggest that Heisenberg-limit precision can be attained using only the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-09 Zi-Rui Zhong , Xia-Lin Su , Xiang-Ming Hu , Ke-Xuan Chen , Hui-Lin Xu , Yan Zhang , Qing-Lin Wu

We present a method using Zernike moments for quantifying rotational and reflectional symmetries in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images, aimed at improving structural analysis of materials at the atomic scale. This…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-05-29 Jiadong Dan , Cheng Zhang , Xiaoxu Zhao , N. Duane Loh

Efficiently estimating the quantum Fisher information (QFI) is pivotal in quantum information science but remains an outstanding challenge for large systems due to its high nonlinearity. In this Letter, we tackle this long-standing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-21 Da-Jian Zhang , D. M. Tong

Beam displacement measurements are widely used in optical sensing and communications; however, their performance is affected by numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors including beam profile, propagation loss, and receiver architecture.…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-11 Wenhua He , Christos N. Gagatsos , Dalziel J. Wilson , Saikat Guha

Understanding the relationship between atomic structure (order) and chemical composition (chemistry) is critical for advancing materials science, yet traditional spectroscopic techniques can be slow and damaging to sensitive samples.…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-29 Mridul Kumar , Yevgeny Rakita

Accurate computational ptychographic phase reconstructions are enabled by fast direct-electron cameras with high dynamic ranges used for four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM). The availability of open software…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-05-01 Toma Susi

Ptychography provides highly efficient imaging in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), but questions have remained over its applicability to strongly scattering samples such as those most commonly seen in materialsscience.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 C. Gao , C. Hofer , D. Jannis , A. Béché , J. Verbeeck , T. J. Pennycook

The numerical analysis of the diffraction features rendered by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) typically relies either on classical approximations (Monte Carlo simulations) or quantum paraxial tomography (the multislice method and…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-03-20 Samantha Rudinsky , Angel S. Sanz , Raynald Gauvin

We demonstrate a combination of computational tools and experimental 4D-STEM methods to image the local magnetic moment in antiferromagnetic Fe$_2$As with 6 angstrom spatial resolution. Our techniques utilize magnetic diffraction peaks,…