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The aim of these lectures is to give a short introduction to forcing. We will avoid metamathematical issues as much as possible and similarly we will avoid performing the actual construction of forcing. We assume familiarity with basic…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-03-30 Mohammad Golshani

In this paper we provide in $\bFp$ expanding lower bounds for two variables functions $f(x,y)$ in connection with the product set or the sumset. The sum-product problem has been hugely studied in the recent past. A typical result in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-27 Norbert Hegyvári , François Hennecart

It is shown that if BMM (= Bounded Martin's Maximum) holds then each set is contained in an inner model with a strong cardinal. This answers a question that has been asked by various people. It follows that BMM has a much larger consistency…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ralf Schindler

For a relational structure ${\mathbb X}$ we investigate the partial order $\langle {\mathbb P} ({\mathbb X}) ,\subset \rangle$, where ${\mathbb P} ({\mathbb X}):=\{ f[X]: f\in \mathop{\rm Emb}\nolimits ({\mathbb X})\}$. Here we consider…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Miloš S. Kurilić

We look for a parallel to the notion of ``proper forcing'' among lambda-complete forcing notions not collapsing lambda^+ . We suggest such a definition and prove that it is preserved by suitable iterations.

Logic · Mathematics 2013-01-04 Andrzej Roslanowski , Saharon Shelah

We develop an untyped framework for the multiverse of set theory. $\mathsf{ZF}$ is extended with semantically motivated axioms utilizing the new symbols $\mathsf{Uni}(\mathcal{U})$ and $\mathsf{Mod}(\mathcal{U, \sigma})$, expressing that…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-07-01 Paul K. Gorbow , Graham E. Leigh

In this article we adapt the existing account of class-forcing over a ZFC model to a model $(M,\mathcal{C})$ of Morse-Kelley class theory. We give a rigorous definition of class-forcing in such a model and show that the Definability Lemma…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-03-03 Carolin Antos

We produce, relative to a ${\sf ZFC}$ model with a supercompact cardinal, a ${\sf ZFC}$ model of the Proper Forcing Axiom in which the nonstationary ideal on $\omega_1$ is $\Pi_1$-definable in a parameter from $H_{\aleph_2}$.

Logic · Mathematics 2025-04-16 Stefan Hoffelner , Paul Larson , Ralf Schindler , Liuzhen Wu

A question dating to Sibe Marde\v{s}i\'{c} and Andrei Prasolov's 1988 work Strong homology is not additive, and motivating a considerable amount of set theoretic work in the ensuing years, is that of whether it is consistent with the ZFC…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-02-15 Jeffrey Bergfalk , Michael Hrušák , Chris Lambie-Hanson

We introduce bounded category forcing axioms for well-behaved classes $\Gamma$. These are strong forms of bounded forcing axioms which completely decide the theory of some initial segment of the universe $H_{\lambda_\Gamma^+}$ modulo…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-01-11 David Aspero , Matteo Viale

In this paper, we look at an unambiguous version of Simon's forest factorization theorem, a very deep result which has wide connections in algebra, logic and automata. Given a morphism $\varphi$ from $\Sigma^+$ to a finite semigroup $S$, we…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Paul Gastin , Shankara Narayanan Krishna

We investigate properties of trees of height $\omega_1$ and their preservation under subcomplete forcing. We show that subcomplete forcing cannot add a new branch to an $\omega_1$-tree. We introduce fragments of subcompleteness which are…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-02-06 Gunter Fuchs , Kaethe Minden

One method of constructing $(a^2+1, 2,a, 1)$-SEDFs (i.e., strong external difference families) in $\mathbb{Z}_{a^2+1}$ makes use of $\alpha$-valuations of complete bipartite graphs $K_{a,a}$. We explore this approach and we provide a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-14 Donald L. Kreher , Maura B. Paterson , Douglas R. Stinson

We study the reverse mathematics of countable analogues of several maximality principles that are equivalent to the axiom of choice in set theory. Among these are the principle asserting that every family of sets has a $\subseteq$-maximal…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-10-01 Damir D. Dzhafarov , Carl Mummert

Given an SFT $\Sigma$ and a finite set $S$ of finite words, let $\Sigma\langle S\rangle$ denote the subshift of $\Sigma$ that avoids $S$. We establish a general criterion under which we can bound the entropy perturbation…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-01-19 Nick Ramsey

Assuming Jensen's principle diamond, there is a compact Hausdorff space X which is hereditarily Lindelof, hereditarily separable, and connected, such that no closed subspace of X is both perfect and totally disconnected. The Proper Forcing…

General Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Joan E. Hart , Kenneth Kunen

Using a variation of Woodin's $\mathbb{P}_{\mathrm{max}}$ forcing, we force over a model of the Axiom of Determinacy to produce a model of ZFC containing a very strongly increasing sequence of length $\omega_{2}$ consisting of functions…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Paul B. Larson , Chris Lambie-Hanson

Let $f:X\to X $ be a dominant self-morphism of an algebraic variety over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We consider the set $\Sigma_{f^{\infty}}$ of $f$-periodic (irreducible closed) subvarieties of small dynamical…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2022-08-10 Yohsuke Matsuzawa , Sheng Meng , Takahiro Shibata , De-Qi Zhang , Guolei Zhong

The purpose of this article is to prove that the forcing axiom for completely proper forcings is inconsistent with the Continuum Hypothesis. This answers a longstanding problem of Shelah. The corresponding completely proper forcing which…

Logic · Mathematics 2012-08-06 Justin Tatch Moore

I investigate the relationships between three hierarchies of reflection principles for a forcing class $\Gamma$: the hierarchy of bounded forcing axioms, of $\Sigma^1_1$-absoluteness and of Aronszajn tree preservation principles. The latter…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Gunter Fuchs