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Adapter-based tuning has recently arisen as an alternative to fine-tuning. It works by adding light-weight adapter modules to a pretrained language model (PrLM) and only updating the parameters of adapter modules when learning on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Ruidan He , Linlin Liu , Hai Ye , Qingyu Tan , Bosheng Ding , Liying Cheng , Jia-Wei Low , Lidong Bing , Luo Si

With the rapid growth in the scale of pre-trained foundation models, parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques have gained significant attention, among which Adapter Tuning is the most widely used. Despite achieving efficiency, it still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Qizhe Zhang , Bocheng Zou , Ruichuan An , Jiaming Liu , Shanghang Zhang

Merging parameter-efficient task experts has recently gained growing attention as a way to build modular architectures that can be rapidly adapted on the fly for specific downstream tasks, without requiring additional fine-tuning.…

Parameter efficient finetuning (PEFT) methods are widely used in LLMs and generative models in computer vision. Especially one can use multiple of these during inference to change the behavior of the base model. In this paper we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Ege Kesim , Selahattin Serdar Helli

Checkpoint merging is a technique for combining multiple model snapshots into a single superior model, potentially reducing training time for large language models. This paper explores checkpoint merging in the context of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Shi Jie Yu , Sehyun Choi

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning stands as the standard for efficiently fine-tuning large language and vision models on downstream tasks. Specifically, the efficiency of low-rank adaptation has facilitated the creation and sharing of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Nader Asadi , Mahdi Beitollahi , Yasser Khalil , Yinchuan Li , Guojun Zhang , Xi Chen

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods like LoRA have significantly improved the adaptation of LLMs to downstream tasks in a resource-efficient manner. However, in multi-task scenarios, challenges such as training imbalance and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Xujia Wang , Haiyan Zhao , Shuo Wang , Hanqing Wang , Zhiyuan Liu

This study proposes a simple yet effective LoRA merge method to achieve LLM adaptation for low-resource language generation tasks. The LoRA merge technique, which integrates multiple LoRA modules trained on different tasks, has gained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Ryota Miyano , Yuki Arase

Large language models (LLMs) are a promising avenue for machine translation (MT). However, current LLM-based MT systems are brittle: their effectiveness highly depends on the choice of few-shot examples and they often require extra…

Adapter modules were recently introduced as an efficient alternative to fine-tuning in NLP. Adapter tuning consists in freezing pretrained parameters of a model and injecting lightweight modules between layers, resulting in the addition of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Hang Le , Juan Pino , Changhan Wang , Jiatao Gu , Didier Schwab , Laurent Besacier

Recent studies have revealed the intriguing few-shot learning ability of pretrained language models (PLMs): They can quickly adapt to a new task when fine-tuned on a small amount of labeled data formulated as prompts, without requiring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Yu Meng , Martin Michalski , Jiaxin Huang , Yu Zhang , Tarek Abdelzaher , Jiawei Han

Transfer learning via fine-tuning pre-trained transformer models has gained significant success in delivering state-of-the-art results across various NLP tasks. In the absence of centralized data, Federated Learning (FL) can benefit from…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown high capabilities in several software development-related tasks such as program repair, documentation, code refactoring, debugging, and testing. However, training these models requires massive amount…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Meghdad Dehghan , Jie JW Wu , Fatemeh H. Fard , Ali Ouni

Recent studies integrate Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) to further enhance the performance of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods in Large Language Model (LLM) applications. Existing methods employ…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Jie Cao , Tianwei Lin , Bo Yuan , Rolan Yan , Hongyang He , Wenqiao Zhang , Juncheng Li , Dongping Zhang , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang

Prior parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) algorithms reduce memory usage and computational costs of fine-tuning large neural network models by training only a few additional adapter parameters, rather than the entire model. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Sunghyeon Woo , Sol Namkung , Sunwoo Lee , Inho Jeong , Beomseok Kim , Dongsuk Jeon

Large pre-trained models have enabled significant advances in machine learning and served as foundation components. Model fusion methods, such as task arithmetic, have been proven to be powerful and scalable to incorporate fine-tuned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Anke Tang , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Yibing Zhan , Han Hu , Bo Du , Yixin Chen , Dacheng Tao

Parameter-efficient (PE) methods (like Prompts or Adapters) for adapting pre-trained language models (PLM) to downstream tasks have been popular recently. However, hindrances still prevent these methods from reaching their full potential.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Shih-Cheng Huang , Shih-Heng Wang , Min-Han Shih , Saurav Sahay , Hung-yi Lee

The current state-of-the-art for few-shot cross-lingual transfer learning first trains on abundant labeled data in the source language and then fine-tunes with a few examples on the target language, termed target-adapting. Though this has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Haoran Xu , Kenton Murray

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) is a popular method for tailoring pre-trained large language models (LLMs), especially as the models' scale and the diversity of tasks increase. Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is based on the idea that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Pengjie Ren , Chengshun Shi , Shiguang Wu , Mengqi Zhang , Zhaochun Ren , Maarten de Rijke , Zhumin Chen , Jiahuan Pei

Standard fine-tuning of large pre-trained language models (PLMs) for downstream tasks requires updating hundreds of millions to billions of parameters, and storing a large copy of the PLM weights for every task resulting in increased cost…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Yaqing Wang , Sahaj Agarwal , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Xiaodong Liu , Jing Gao , Ahmed Hassan Awadallah , Jianfeng Gao
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