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Unsupervised anomaly detection and localization is crucial to the practical application when collecting and labeling sufficient anomaly data is infeasible. Most existing representation-based approaches extract normal image features with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Jiawei Yu , Ye Zheng , Xiang Wang , Wei Li , Yushuang Wu , Rui Zhao , Liwei Wu

Unsupervised anomaly detection with localization has many practical applications when labeling is infeasible and, moreover, when anomaly examples are completely missing in the train data. While recently proposed models for such data setup…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Denis Gudovskiy , Shun Ishizaka , Kazuki Kozuka

In this work we propose a one-class self-supervised method for anomaly segmentation in images that benefits both from a modern machine learning approach and a more classic statistical detection theory. The method consists of four phases.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Matías Tailanian , Álvaro Pardo , Pablo Musé

During the operation of industrial robots, unusual events may endanger the safety of humans and the quality of production. When collecting data to detect such cases, it is not ensured that data from all potentially occurring errors is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Jan Thieß Brockmann , Marco Rudolph , Bodo Rosenhahn , Bastian Wandt

We tackle unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD), a problem of detecting data that significantly differ from normal data. UAD is typically solved by using density estimation. Recently, deep neural network (DNN)-based density estimators, such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-14 Masataka Yamaguchi , Yuma Koizumi , Noboru Harada

We propose Flow Mismatching, an unsupervised anomaly detection method that deliberately avoids reconstruction-based paradigms. Instead, we treat flow matching as geometric dynamics and leverage a key insight: anomalies occur at places where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Shengzhe Chen , Mehrdad Moradi , Kamran Paynabar , Hao Yan

In the anomaly detection field, the scarcity of anomalous samples has directed the current research emphasis towards unsupervised anomaly detection. While these unsupervised anomaly detection methods offer convenience, they also overlook…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Shunfeng Wang , Yueyang Li , Haichi Luo , Chenyang Bi

Multivariate time series anomaly detection has been extensively studied under the semi-supervised setting, where a training dataset with all normal instances is required. However, preparing such a dataset is very laborious since each single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Qihang Zhou , Jiming Chen , Haoyu Liu , Shibo He , Wenchao Meng

Anomaly detection in multivariate time series (MTS) has been widely studied in one-class classification (OCC) setting. The training samples in OCC are assumed to be normal, which is difficult to guarantee in practical situations. Such a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Qihang Zhou , Shibo He , Haoyu Liu , Jiming Chen , Wenchao Meng

To develop a machine sound monitoring system, a method for detecting anomalous sound is proposed. Exact likelihood estimation using Normalizing Flows is a promising technique for unsupervised anomaly detection, but it can fail at…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-17 Kota Dohi , Takashi Endo , Harsh Purohit , Ryo Tanabe , Yohei Kawaguchi

Unsupervised anomaly detection stands as an important problem in machine learning, with applications in financial fraud prevention, network security and medical diagnostics. Existing unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms rarely perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Pritam Kar , Rahul Bordoloi , Olaf Wolkenhauer , Saptarshi Bej

Open-set supervised anomaly detection (OSAD) aims to identify unseen anomalies using limited anomalous supervision. However, existing prototype-based methods typically model normal data via a unimodal Gaussian prior, failing to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Fuyun Wang , Yuanzhi Wang , Xu Guo , Sujia Huang , Tong Zhang , Dan Wang , Hui Yan , Xin Liu , Zhen Cui

Detection of object anomalies is crucial in industrial processes, but unsupervised anomaly detection and localization is particularly important due to the difficulty of obtaining a large number of defective samples and the unpredictable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Ruiqing Yan , Fan Zhang , Mengyuan Huang , Wu Liu , Dongyu Hu , Jinfeng Li , Qiang Liu , Jinrong Jiang , Qianjin Guo , Linghan Zheng

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) aims to identify image- and pixel-level anomalies using only normal training data, with wide applications such as industrial inspection and medical analysis, where anomalies are scarce due to privacy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zhe Zhang , Mingxiu Cai , Gaochang Wu , Jing Zhang , Lingqiao Liu , Dacheng Tao , Tianyou Chai , Xiatian Zhu

With more well-performing anomaly detection methods proposed, many of the single-view tasks have been solved to a relatively good degree. However, real-world production scenarios often involve complex industrial products, whose properties…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Mathis Kruse , Bodo Rosenhahn

Noise-inclusive fully unsupervised anomaly detection (FUAD) holds significant practical relevance. Although various methods exist to address this problem, they are limited in both performance and scalability. Our work seeks to overcome…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-19 Chengming Liu , Fengjie Wang , Lei Shi , Zhe Zhao

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) seeks to localize the anomaly mask of an input image with respect to normal samples. Either by reconstructing normal counterparts (reconstruction-based) or by learning an image feature embedding space…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Zhe Zhang , Mingxiu Cai , Hanxiao Wang , Gaochang Wu , Tianyou Chai , Xiatian Zhu

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) alleviates large labeling efforts by training exclusively on unlabeled in-distribution data and detecting outliers as anomalies. Generally, the assumption prevails that large training datasets allow the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Felix Meissen , Johannes Getzner , Alexander Ziller , Özgün Turgut , Georgios Kaissis , Martin J. Menten , Daniel Rueckert

Anomaly detection (AD) is increasingly recognized as a key component for ensuring the resilience of future communication systems. While deep learning has shown state-of-the-art AD performance, its application in critical systems is hindered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Lukas Schynol , Marius Pesavento

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) plays a crucial role in identifying abnormal patterns within data without labeled examples, holding significant practical implications across various domains. Although the individual contributions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zeyu Fang , Ming Gu , Sheng Zhou , Jiawei Chen , Qiaoyu Tan , Haishuai Wang , Jiajun Bu
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