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Decision-makers often deploy the best-performing treatment from a randomized experiment, creating a winner's curse: selection favors treatments whose observed outcomes are high partly because of statistical noise, so the na\"ive estimate of…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-20 Ron Berman , Walter W. Zhang , Hangcheng Zhao

Consider a planner who has limited knowledge of the policy's causal impact on a certain local population of interest due to a lack of data, but does have access to the publicized intervention studies performed for similar policies on…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-07-04 Takuya Ishihara , Toru Kitagawa

We study the problem of expert advice under partial bandit feedback setting and create a sequential minimax optimal algorithm. Our algorithm works with a more general partial monitoring setting, where, in contrast to the classical bandit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Kaan Gokcesu , Hakan Gokcesu

I examine the problem of treatment choice when a planner observes (i) covariates that describe each member of a population of interest and (ii) the outcomes of an experiment in which subjects randomly drawn from this population are randomly…

Applications · Statistics 2013-02-01 Charles F. Manski

The unit selection problem aims to identify a set of individuals who are most likely to exhibit a desired mode of behavior, for example, selecting individuals who would respond one way if encouraged and a different way if not encouraged.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Ang Li , Judea Pearl

In a typical optimization problem, the task is to pick one of a number of options with the lowest cost or the highest value. In practice, these cost/value quantities often come through processes such as measurement or machine learning,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Mohammad Mahdian , Jieming Mao , Kangning Wang

In the context of estimating local modes of a conditional density based on kernel density estimators, we show that existing bandwidth selection methods developed for kernel density estimation are unsuitable for mode estimation. We propose…

Computation · Statistics 2017-11-02 Haiming Zhou , Xianzheng Huang

While the importance of personalized policymaking is widely recognized, fully personalized implementation remains rare in practice, often due to legal, fairness or cost concerns. We study the problem of policy targeting for a regret-averse…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-07 Toru Kitagawa , Sokbae Lee , Chen Qiu

In practical applications, data is used to make decisions in two steps: estimation and optimization. First, a machine learning model estimates parameters for a structural model relating decisions to outcomes. Second, a decision is chosen to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-28 Samuel Tan , Peter I. Frazier

Clinical trials often evaluate multiple outcome variables to form a comprehensive picture of the effects of a new treatment. The resulting multidimensional insight contributes to clinically relevant and efficient decision-making about…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-14 X. M. Kavelaars , J. Mulder , M. C. Kaptein

We consider online optimization with binary decision variables and convex loss functions. We design a new algorithm, binary online gradient descent (bOGD) and bound its expected dynamic regret. We provide a regret bound that holds for any…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-21 Antoine Lesage-Landry , Joshua A. Taylor , Duncan S. Callaway

Most bandit algorithm designs are purely theoretical. Therefore, they have strong regret guarantees, but also are often too conservative in practice. In this work, we pioneer the idea of algorithm design by minimizing the empirical Bayes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Chih-Wei Hsu , Branislav Kveton , Ofer Meshi , Martin Mladenov , Csaba Szepesvari

We consider combinatorial online learning with subset choices when only relative feedback information from subsets is available, instead of bandit or semi-bandit feedback which is absolute. Specifically, we study two regret minimisation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Aadirupa Saha , Aditya Gopalan

Practitioners often use data from a randomized controlled trial to learn a treatment assignment policy that can be deployed on a target population. A recurring concern in doing so is that, even if the randomized trial was well-executed…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-04-25 Lihua Lei , Roshni Sahoo , Stefan Wager

The stochastic multi-armed bandit problem is a well-known model for studying the exploration-exploitation trade-off. It has significant possible applications in adaptive clinical trials, which allow for dynamic changes in the treatment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Hossein Aboutalebi , Doina Precup , Tibor Schuster

In treatment allocation problems the individuals to be treated often arrive sequentially. We study a problem in which the policy maker is not only interested in the expected cumulative welfare but is also concerned about the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-24 Anders Bredahl Kock , Martin Thyrsgaard

Length-biased data are a particular case of weighted data, which arise in many situations: biomedicine, quality control or epidemiology among others. In this paper we study the theoretical properties of kernel density estimation in the…

It is common to use minimax rules to make decisions for planning when there is great uncertainty on what will happen in the future. Minimax regret is one popular version of this. We give an analysis of the behaviour of minimax rules in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-04 Edward Anderson , Stan Zachary

One way to make decisions under uncertainty is to select an optimal option from a possible range of options, by maximizing the expected utilities derived from a probability model. However, under severe uncertainty, identifying precise…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-06 Nawapon Nakharutai , Sébastien Destercke , Matthias C. M. Troffaes

This paper studies online shortest path routing over multi-hop networks. Link costs or delays are time-varying and modeled by independent and identically distributed random processes, whose parameters are initially unknown. The parameters,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-01-19 M. Sadegh Talebi , Zhenhua Zou , Richard Combes , Alexandre Proutiere , Mikael Johansson