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The long gamma-ray burst (GRB) rate is essential for revealing the connection between GRBs, supernovae and stellar evolution. Additionally, the GRB rate at high redshift provides a strong probe of star formation history in the early…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-08-20 Amy Lien , Takanori Sakamoto , Neil Gehrels , David M. Palmer , Scott D. Barthelmy , Carlo Graziani , John K. Cannizzo

The properties of the ambient medium in which GRBs go off are an important piece of the puzzle, not only as an issue in itself, but because of their link with the nature of the progenitor. In this review, I describe and critically comment…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Davide Lazzati

We assume that internal shocks of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) consist of multiple sub-jets with a collimation half-angle $\sim {\rm several }\times\gamma_i^{-1}$, where $\gamma_i$ is the Lorenz factor of each sub-jet. If by chance a sub-jet is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Takashi Nakamura

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) have been traditionally divided into two categories: "short" and "long" with durations less than and greater than two seconds, respectively. However, there is a lot of literature (with conflicting results) regarding…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-08 Aishwarya Bhave , Soham Kulkarni , Shantanu Desai , P. K. Srijith

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which have been observed up to redshifts $z \approx 9.5$ can be good probes of the early universe and have the potential of testing cosmological models. The analysis by Dainotti of GRB Swift afterglow lightcurves…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-07-30 Maria Giovanna Dainotti , Vahe' Petrosian , Jack Singal , Michal Ostrowski

Aims: We characterize a sample of Gamma-Ray Bursts with low luminosity X-ray afterglows (LLA GRBs), and study their properties. Method: We select a sample consisting of the 12\% faintest X-ray afterglows from the total population of long…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-19 H. Dereli , M. Boer , B. Gendre , L. Amati , S. Dichiara

We summarize our model for long-duration gamma ray bursts (GRBs) that fits the redshift (z) distributions measured with Swift and missions before Swift, and the pre-Swift GRB jet opening-angle distribution inferred from achromatic breaks in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Truong Le , Charles D. Dermer

The analysis of 176 gamma ray burst (GRB) afterglow plateaus observed by Swift from GRBs with known redshifts revealed that the subsample of long GRBs associated with supernovae (LONG-SNe) - 19 events - presents a very high correlation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-04-12 Maria G. Dainotti , Shigehiro Nagataki , Keichi Maeda , Sergey Postnikov , Elena Pian

We selected a sample of 33 Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) detected by Swift, with known redshift and optical extinction at the host frame. For these, we constructed the de-absorbed and K-corrected X-ray and optical rest frame light curves. These…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Ghisellini , M. Nardini , G. Ghirlanda , A. Celotti

We jointly analyze the gamma-ray burst (GRB) data observed with BAT and XRT on board the Swift mission to present a global view on the internal energy dissipation processes in GRBs, including precursors, prompt gamma-ray emission, extended…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-19 You-Dong Hu , En-Wei Liang , Shao-Qiang Xi , Fang-Kun Peng , Rui-Jing Lu , Lian-Zhong LV , Bing Zhang

Recently, several new correlations between the observed $\gamma$-ray and the X-ray properties of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) were inferred from a comprehensive analysis of the X-ray light curves of more than 650 GRBs measured with the Swift…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 Shlomo Dado , Arnon Dar

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) afterglows are rapidly decaying signals that pose significant detection challenges, requiring improved methods to track their temporal evolution. In this study, we systematically compare various techniques for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-23 Léo Le Moigne , Mathieu de Bony de Lavergne , Armand Fiasson , Edna Ruiz-Velasco , David Sanchez , Kenta Terauchi

The successful operation of dedicated detectors has brought us valuable information for understanding the central engine and the progenitor of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). For instance, the giant X-ray and optical bumps found in some…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-13 Litao Zhao , He Gao , WeiHua Lei , Lin Lan , Liangduan Liu

The gamma-ray burst (GRB) rate is essential for revealing the connection between GRBs, supernovae and stellar evolution. Additionally, the GRB rate at high redshift provides a strong probe of star formation history in the early universe.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-25 Amy Lien , Takanori Sakamoto , Neil Gehrels , David M. Palmer , Scott D. Barthelmy , Carlo Graziani , John K. Cannizzo

Previously we proposed a novel method to inspect the isotropy of the properties of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) such as their duration, fluences and peak fluxes at various energy bands and different time scales, complementary to existing studies…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-07 Jakub Řípa , Arman Shafieloo

We present the systematic analysis of the UVOT and XRT light curves for a sample of 26 Swift Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). By comparing the optical/UV and X-ray light curves, we found that they are remarkably different during the first 500s…

The various possibilities for the progenitors of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) manifest in differing observable properties. Through deep spectroscopic and high-resolution imaging observations of some GRB hosts, I demonstrate that well-localized…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Joshua S. Bloom

We aim to investigate the ability of simple spectral models to describe the GRB early afterglow emission. We performed a time resolved spectral analysis of a bright GRB sample detected by the Swift Burst Alert Telescope and promptly…

We summarize basic observational properties of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), including prompt emission properties, afterglow properties, and classification schemes. We also briefly comment on the current physical understanding of these…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-07 Bing Zhang , Hou-Jun Lü , En-Wei Liang

To draw inferences about gamma-ray burst (GRB) source populations based on Swift observations, it is essential to understand the detection efficiency of the Swift burst alert telescope (BAT). This study considers the problem of modeling the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-10 Philip B Graff , Amy Y Lien , John G Baker , Takanori Sakamoto