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One of the unique features of non-Hermitian~(NH) systems is the appearance of non-Hermitian degeneracies known as exceptional points~(EPs). The extensively studied defective EPs occur when the Hamiltonian becomes non-diagonalizable. Aside…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Sharareh Sayyad , Marcus Stalhammar , Lukas Rodland , Flore K. Kunst

Exceptional points (EPs) are singularities in the parameter space of a non-Hermitian system where eigenenergies and eigenstates coincide. They hold promise for enhancing sensing applications, but this is limited by the divergence of shot…

Optics · Physics 2025-04-07 Xu Zheng , Y. D. Chong

We show that gyrotropic structures with balanced gain and loss that respect anti-linear symmetries exhibit a giant non-reciprocity at the so-called exact phase where the eigenfrequencies of the isolated non-Hermitian set-up are real. The…

Classical Physics · Physics 2017-01-17 Roney Thomas , Huanan Li , F. M. Ellis , Tsampikos Kottos

Exceptional points (EPs) promise revolutionary control over quantum light-matter interactions. Here, we experimentally demonstrate flexible and reversible engineering of quantum vacuum fluctuation in an integrated microcavity supporting…

This paper theoretically and numerically studies the response characteristics of non-Hermitian resonant photonic systems operating near an exceptional point (EP), where two resonant eigenmodes coalesce. It is shown that a system near an EP…

Optics · Physics 2018-04-06 Satoshi Sunada

Chiral exceptional points (CEPs) have been shown to emerge in traveling wave resonators via asymmetric back scattering from two or more nano-scatterers. Here, we provide a new perspective on the formation of CEPs based on the coupled…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-26 A. Hashemi , S. M. Rezaei , S. K. Ozdemir , R. El-Ganainy

Exceptional points (EPs) are non-Hermitian singularities associated with the coalescence of individual eigenvectors accompanied by the degeneracy of their complex energies. Here, we report the discovery of a generalization to the concept of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Zhen Li , Xulong Wang , Rundong Cai , Kenji Shimomura , Congwei Lu , Zhesen Yang , Masatoshi Sato , Guancong Ma

Higher-order exceptional points (EPs) in optical structures enable ultra-sensitive responses to perturbations. However, previous investigations on higher-order EPs have predominantly focused on coupled systems, leaving their fundamental…

Exceptional points (EPs) associated with a square-root singularity have been found in many non-Hermitian systems. In most of the studies, the EPs found are isotropic meaning that the same singular behavior is obtained independent of the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2018-08-28 Kun Ding , Guancong Ma , Z. Q. Zhang , C. T. Chan

Recent studies on non-Hermitian optical systems having exceptional points (EPs) have revealed a host of unique characteristics associated with these singularities, including unidirectional invisibility, chiral mode switching and laser…

Dynamically encircling exceptional points (EPs) in two-dimensional Hamiltonian parameter space has enabled intriguing chiral dynamics in which the final state of the system depends on the encircling direction. Here, we show that full…

Optics · Physics 2022-10-05 Aodong Li , Lin Chen

Exceptional points (EPs) are exotic degeneracies of non-Hermitian systems, where the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors simultaneously coalesce in parameter space, and these degeneracies are sensitive to tiny perturbations on…

We study the band structure and scattering of in-plane coupled longitudinal and shear stress waves in linear layered media and observe that exceptional points (EP) appear for elastic (lossless) media, when parameterized with real-valued…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-08-12 Vahidreza Alizadeh , Alireza V. Amirkhizi

Nonreciprocal optical devices have broad applications in light manipulations for communications and sensing. Non-magnetic mechanisms of optical nonreciprocity are highly desired for high-frequency on-chip applications. Here, we investigate…

Optics · Physics 2022-07-19 Zheng Yang , Yuqiong Cheng , Neng Wang , Yuntian Chen , Shubo Wang

Non-Hermitian degeneracies, also known as exceptional points (EPs), have been the focus of much attention due to their singular eigenvalue surface structure. Nevertheless, as pertaining to a non-Hermitian metasurface platform, the reduction…

We present a transmission line theory of exceptional points of degeneracy (EPD) in coupled-mode guiding structures, i.e., a theory that illustrates the characteristics of coupled electromagnetic modes under a special dispersion degeneracy…

Optics · Physics 2017-09-15 Mohamed A. K. Othman , Filippo Capolino

The unique properties of exceptional point (EP) singularities, arising from non-Hermitian physics, have unlocked new possibilities for manipulating light-matter interactions. A tailored gain-loss variation, while encircling higher-order EPs…

Electromagnetic waves propagating, at finite speeds, in conventional wave-guiding structures are reflected by discontinuities and decay in lossy regions. In this Letter, we drastically modify this typical guided-wave behavior by combining…

Optics · Physics 2018-09-12 S. Ali Hassani Gangaraj , Francesco Monticone

With respect to parity-time (PT) symmetry, anti-parity-time (APT) symmetric system exhibits much easier readout mechanism due to its real frequency splitting. Generally, such systems need to be operated at exceptional points (EPs) to obtain…

We derive new exceptional point (EP) conditions of the coupled microring resonators using coupled mode theory in space, a more accurate approach than the commonly used coupled mode theory in time. Transmission spectra around EPs obtained…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-24 Kunpeng Zhu , Xiaoyan Zhou , Yinxin Zhang , Zhanhua Huang , Lin Zhang