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Navigating unsignalized roundabouts in mixed-autonomy traffic presents significant challenges due to dense vehicle interactions, lane-changing complexities, and behavioral uncertainties of human-driven vehicles (HDVs). This paper proposes a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-25 Zhihao Lin , Jianglin Lan , Shuo Liu , Zhen Tian , Dezong Zhao , Chongfeng Wei

Diverse, top-k, and top-quality planning are concerned with the generation of sets of solutions to sequential decision problems. Previously this area has been the domain of classical planners that require a symbolic model of the problem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Lyndon Benke , Tim Miller , Michael Papasimeon , Nir Lipovetzky

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), most famously used in game-play artificial intelligence (e.g., the game of Go), is a well-known strategy for constructing approximate solutions to sequential decision problems. Its primary innovation is the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-04-21 Daniel R. Jiang , Lina Al-Kanj , Warren B. Powell

We consider the popular tree-based search strategy within the framework of reinforcement learning, the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), in the context of finite-horizon Markov decision process. We propose a dynamic sampling tree policy that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Gongbo Zhang , Yijie Peng , Yilong Xu

Traffic flow prediction plays an important role in Intelligent Transportation Systems in traffic management and urban planning. There have been extensive successful works in this area. However, these approaches focus only on modelling the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Li Shijiao , Ma Zhipeng , He Huajun , Chen Haiyue

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a widely used approach for policy improvement through search with increasing popularity for real world applications. Due to the sequential and deterministic nature of its search, runtime-scaling of MCTS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yaniv Oren , Viliam Vadocz , Joery A. de Vries , Wendelin Böhmer , Matthijs T. J. Spaan , Hendrik Baier

Inference-time scaling strategies, particularly Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), have significantly enhanced the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, current approaches remain predominantly stateless, discarding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Hao Lu , Haoyuan Huang , Yulin Zhou , Chen Li , Ningxin Zhu

In the world of embedded systems, optimizing actions with the uncertain costs of multiple resources is a complex challenge. Existing methods include plan building based on Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), an approach that thrives in multiple…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-18 Franco Cordeiro , Samuel Tardieu , Laurent Pautet

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation and structured reasoning; however, their performance often degrades on complex tasks that require consistent multi-step planning. Recent work has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Fei Xu Yu , Gina Adam , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Tian Lan

Object rearrangement planning in complex, cluttered environments is a common challenge in warehouses, households, and rescue sites. Prior studies largely address monotone instances, whereas real-world tasks are often non-monotone-objects…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Hanwen Ren , Junyong Kim , Aathman Tharmasanthiran , Ahmed H. Qureshi

Naturalistic driving trajectories are crucial for the performance of autonomous driving algorithms. However, most of the data is collected in safe scenarios leading to the duplication of trajectories which are easy to be handled by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Wenhao Ding , Mengdi Xu , Ding Zhao

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a fundamental sampling-based search algorithm widely used for online planning in sequential decision-making domains. Despite its success in driving recent advances in artificial intelligence, understanding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yiyu Qian , Liyuan Zhao , Tim Miller

We introduce a novel approach to the executable semantic object rearrangement problem. In this challenge, a robot seeks to create an actionable plan that rearranges objects within a scene according to a pattern dictated by a natural…

Despite recent advances in large language models, open-source models often struggle to consistently perform well on complex reasoning tasks. Existing ensemble methods, whether applied at the token or output levels, fail to address these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Sungjin Park , Xiao Liu , Yeyun Gong , Edward Choi

Stream processing engines enable modern systems to conduct large-scale analytics over unbounded data streams in real time. They often view an application as a direct acyclic graph with streams flowing through pipelined instances of various…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Xi Huang , Ziyu Shao , Yang Yang

Evaluating autonomous driving systems in complex and diverse traffic scenarios through controllable simulation is essential to ensure their safety and reliability. However, existing traffic simulation methods face challenges in their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Zhiyuan Liu , Leheng Li , Yuning Wang , Haotian Lin , Hao Cheng , Zhizhe Liu , Lei He , Jianqiang Wang

Autonomous mobile robots enable increased flexibility of manufacturing systems. The design and operating strategy of such a fleet of robots requires careful consideration of both fixed and operational costs. In this paper, a Monte-Carlo…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-05 T. M. J. T. Baltussen , M. Goutham , M. Menon , S. G. Garrow , M. Santillo , S. Stockar

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a class of methods for solving complex decision-making problems through the synergy of Monte-Carlo planning and Reinforcement Learning (RL). The highly combinatorial nature of the problems commonly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Tuan Dam , Carlo D'Eramo , Jan Peters , Joni Pajarinen

The properties of cooperative driving strategies for planning and controlling Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) at intersections range from some that achieve highly efficient coordination performance to others whose implementation is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-08 Huile Xu , Christos G. Cassandras , Li Li , Yi Zhang

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has emerged as a powerful tool for decision-making in robotics, enabling efficient exploration of large search spaces. However, traditional MCTS methods struggle in environments characterized by high…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Xibai Wang