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Large Language Models (LLMs) based on transformers achieve cutting-edge results on a variety of applications. However, their enormous size and processing requirements hinder deployment on constrained resources. To enhance efficiency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Wazib Ansar , Saptarsi Goswami , Amlan Chakrabarti

Large language models have achieved remarkable capabilities, but their practical deployment is hindered by significant computational costs. While adaptive computation methods like early-exiting promise to reduce these costs, they introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Sangmin Bae

Early-exit networks are effective solutions for reducing the overall energy consumption and latency of deep learning models by adjusting computation based on the complexity of input data. By incorporating intermediate exit branches into the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Oscar Robben , Saeed Khalilian , Nirvana Meratnia

Distributed inference techniques can be broadly classified into data-distributed and model-distributed schemes. In data-distributed inference (DDI), each worker carries the entire deep neural network (DNN) model but processes only a subset…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Marco Colocrese , Erdem Koyuncu , Hulya Seferoglu

Large pretrained models, coupled with fine-tuning, are slowly becoming established as the dominant architecture in machine learning. Even though these models offer impressive performance, their practical application is often limited by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Florence Regol , Joud Chataoui , Mark Coates

Early-exit neural networks (EENNs) accelerate inference by allowing intermediate classifiers to stop computation once predictions are confident enough. Most methods rely on confidence thresholds for exiting, and consequently, improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Piotr Kubaty , Filip Szatkowski , Grzegorz Choczyński , Eric Nalisnick , Bartosz Wójcik

The ability to dynamically adjust the computational load of neural models during inference is crucial for on-device processing scenarios characterised by limited and time-varying computational resources. A promising solution is presented by…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-23 George August Wright , Umberto Cappellazzo , Salah Zaiem , Desh Raj , Lucas Ondel Yang , Daniele Falavigna , Mohamed Nabih Ali , Alessio Brutti

Subsampling of received wireless signals is important for relaxing hardware requirements as well as the computational cost of signal processing algorithms that rely on the output samples. We propose a subsampling technique to facilitate the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-12 Sharan Ramjee , Shengtai Ju , Diyu Yang , Xiaoyu Liu , Aly El Gamal , Yonina C. Eldar

Distributed DNN inference is becoming increasingly important as the demand for intelligent services at the network edge grows. By leveraging the power of distributed computing, edge devices can perform complicated and resource-hungry…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xian Peng , Xin Wu , Lianming Xu , Li Wang , Aiguo Fei

The growing demand for intelligent applications beyond the network edge, coupled with the need for sustainable operation, are driving the seamless integration of deep learning (DL) algorithms into energy-limited, and even energy-harvesting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Marcello Bullo , Seifallah Jardak , Pietro Carnelli , Deniz Gündüz

Automatic modulation classification (AMC) in real-world deployments demands robustness to distribution shifts arising from hardware impairments, unseen propagation environments, and recording conditions never encountered during training.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Md Raihan Uddin , Tolunay Seyfi , Fatemeh Afghah

Signal detection and modulation classification are two crucial tasks in various wireless communication systems. Different from prior works that investigate them independently, this paper studies the joint signal detection and automatic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-03 Huijun Xing , Xuhui Zhang , Shuo Chang , Jinke Ren , Zixun Zhang , Jie Xu , Shuguang Cui

Deploying deep learning services for time-sensitive and resource-constrained settings such as IoT using edge computing systems is a challenging task that requires dynamic adjustment of inference time. Multi-exit architectures allow deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Arian Bakhtiarnia , Qi Zhang , Alexandros Iosifidis

Early exiting allows instances to exit at different layers according to the estimation of difficulty. Previous works usually adopt heuristic metrics such as the entropy of internal outputs to measure instance difficulty, which suffers from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Tianxiang Sun , Xiangyang Liu , Wei Zhu , Zhichao Geng , Lingling Wu , Yilong He , Yuan Ni , Guotong Xie , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

Recent advances in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across various domains. However, their large size is a challenge for deployment on resource-constrained devices such as mobile, edge, and IoT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal

Diffusion models have shown remarkable performance in generation problems over various domains including images, videos, text, and audio. A practical bottleneck of diffusion models is their sampling speed, due to the repeated evaluation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Taehong Moon , Moonseok Choi , EungGu Yun , Jongmin Yoon , Gayoung Lee , Jaewoong Cho , Juho Lee

In next-generation communications, massive machine-type communications (mMTC) induce severe burden on base stations. To address such an issue, automatic modulation classification (AMC) can help to reduce signaling overhead by blindly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-10 Chieh-Fang Teng , Ching-Yao Chou , Chun-Hsiang Chen , An-Yeu Wu

Data-driven deep learning (DL) techniques developed for automatic modulation classification (AMC) of wireless signals are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. This poses a severe security threat to the DL-based wireless systems, specifically…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Nayan Moni Baishya , B. R. Manoj

We present EE-LLM, a framework for large-scale training and inference of early-exit large language models (LLMs). While recent works have shown preliminary evidence for the efficacy of early exiting in accelerating LLM inference, EE-LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yanxi Chen , Xuchen Pan , Yaliang Li , Bolin Ding , Jingren Zhou

Inference latency and trustworthiness of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are the bottlenecks in deploying them in critical applications like sensitive tasks. Early Exit (EE) DNNs overcome the latency issues by allowing samples to exit from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal