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A wide range of reinforcement learning (RL) problems - including robustness, transfer learning, unsupervised RL, and emergent complexity - require specifying a distribution of tasks or environments in which a policy will be trained.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Michael Dennis , Natasha Jaques , Eugene Vinitsky , Alexandre Bayen , Stuart Russell , Andrew Critch , Sergey Levine

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents may successfully generalize to new settings if trained on an appropriately diverse set of environment and task configurations. Unsupervised Environment Design (UED) is a promising self-supervised RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Minqi Jiang , Michael Dennis , Jack Parker-Holder , Jakob Foerster , Edward Grefenstette , Tim Rocktäschel

For reinforcement learning agents to be deployed in high-risk settings, they must achieve a high level of robustness to unfamiliar scenarios. One method for improving robustness is unsupervised environment design (UED), a suite of methods…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful tool for optimal control that has found great success in Atari games, the game of Go, robotic control, and building optimization. RL is also very brittle; agents often overfit to their training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Doseok Jang , Larry Yan , Lucas Spangher , Costas Spanos

Unsupervised Environment Design (UED) is a paradigm for automatically generating a curriculum of training environments, enabling agents trained in these environments to develop general capabilities, i.e., achieving good zero-shot transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Dexun Li , Pradeep Varakantham

Training agents that are robust to environmental changes remains a significant challenge in deep reinforcement learning (RL). Unsupervised environment design (UED) has recently emerged to address this issue by generating a set of training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Hojun Chung , Junseo Lee , Minsoo Kim , Dohyeong Kim , Songhwai Oh

Training general agents to follow complex instructions (tasks) in intricate environments (levels) remains a core challenge in reinforcement learning. Random sampling of task-level pairs often produces unsolvable combinations, highlighting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Daniel Furelos-Blanco , Charles Pert , Frederik Kelbel , Alex F. Spies , Alessandra Russo , Michael Dennis

Generalizing deep reinforcement learning agents to unseen environments remains a significant challenge. One promising solution is Unsupervised Environment Design (UED), a co-evolutionary framework in which a teacher adaptively generates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Geonwoo Cho , Jaegyun Im , Jihwan Lee , Hojun Yi , Sejin Kim , Sundong Kim

Agent decision making using Reinforcement Learning (RL) heavily relies on either a model or simulator of the environment (e.g., moving in an 8x8 maze with three rooms, playing Chess on an 8x8 board). Due to this dependence, small changes in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Wenjun Li , Pradeep Varakantham , Dexun Li

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) provides powerful methods for training optimal sequential decision-making agents. As collecting real-world interactions can entail additional costs and safety risks, the common paradigm of sim2real conducts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Minqi Jiang

Unsupervised Environment Design (UED) offers a promising paradigm for improving reinforcement learning generalization by adaptively shaping training environments, but it requires reliable environment evaluation to remain effective. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Fang Yuan , Quanjun Yin , Siqi Shen , Yuxiang Xie , Junqiang Yang , Long Qin , Junjie Zeng , Qinglun Li

What data or environments to use for training to improve downstream performance is a longstanding and very topical question in reinforcement learning. In particular, Unsupervised Environment Design (UED) methods have gained recent attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Alexander Rutherford , Michael Beukman , Timon Willi , Bruno Lacerda , Nick Hawes , Jakob Foerster

We introduce Unsupervised Partner Design (UPD) - a population-free, multi-agent reinforcement learning framework for robust ad-hoc teamwork that adaptively generates training partners without requiring pretrained partners or manual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Constantin Ruhdorfer , Matteo Bortoletto , Victor Oei , Anna Penzkofer , Andreas Bulling

Autonomous agents trained using deep reinforcement learning (RL) often lack the ability to successfully generalise to new environments, even when these environments share characteristics with the ones they have encountered during training.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Samuel Garcin , James Doran , Shangmin Guo , Christopher G. Lucas , Stefano V. Albrecht

Recent work on designing an appropriate distribution of environments has shown promise for training effective generally capable agents. Its success is partly because of a form of adaptive curriculum learning that generates environment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Dexun Li , Wenjun Li , Pradeep Varakantham

Unsupervised pre-training can equip reinforcement learning agents with prior knowledge and accelerate learning in downstream tasks. A promising direction, grounded in human development, investigates agents that learn by setting and pursuing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Octavio Pappalardo

We propose Unified Distributed Environment (UDE), an environment virtualization toolkit for reinforcement learning research. UDE is designed to integrate environments built on any simulation platform such as Gazebo, Unity, Unreal, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Woong Gyu La , Sunil Muralidhara , Lingjie Kong , Pratik Nichat

Controlling artificial agents from visual sensory data is an arduous task. Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can succeed but require large amounts of interactions between the agent and the environment. To alleviate the issue,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Sai Rajeswar , Pietro Mazzaglia , Tim Verbelen , Alexandre Piché , Bart Dhoedt , Aaron Courville , Alexandre Lacoste

Open-ended learning methods that automatically generate a curriculum of increasingly challenging tasks serve as a promising avenue toward generally capable reinforcement learning agents. Existing methods adapt curricula independently over…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved outstanding success in complex robot control tasks, such as drone racing, where the RL agents have outperformed human champions in a known racing track. However, these agents fail in unseen track…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Hongze Wang , Jiaxu Xing , Nico Messikommer , Davide Scaramuzza
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