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Multi armed bandit (MAB) algorithms have been increasingly used to complement or integrate with A/B tests and randomized clinical trials in e-commerce, healthcare, and policymaking. Recent developments incorporate possible delayed feedback.…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-04 Lei Shi , Jingshen Wang , Tianhao Wu

In several applications such as clinical trials and financial portfolio optimization, the expected value (or the average reward) does not satisfactorily capture the merits of a drug or a portfolio. In such applications, risk plays a crucial…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-13 Vincent Y. F. Tan , Prashanth L. A. , Krishna Jagannathan

In sequential decision-making scenarios i.e., mobile health recommendation systems revenue management contextual multi-armed bandit algorithms have garnered attention for their performance. But most of the existing algorithms are built on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Mubarrat Chowdhury , Elkhan Ismayilzada , Khalequzzaman Sayem , Gi-Soo Kim

Adaptive treatment assignment algorithms, such as bandit algorithms, are increasingly used in digital health intervention clinical trials. Frequently, the data collected from these trials is used to conduct causal inference and related data…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-30 Kelly W. Zhang , Nowell Closser , Anna L. Trella , Susan A. Murphy

The multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem is a classic example of the exploration-exploitation dilemma. It is concerned with maximising the total rewards for a gambler by sequentially pulling an arm from a multi-armed slot machine where each arm…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-16 Xue Lu , Niall Adams , Nikolas Kantas

We study an interesting variant of the stochastic multi-armed bandit problem, called the Fair-SMAB problem, where each arm is required to be pulled for at least a given fraction of the total available rounds. We investigate the interplay…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Vishakha Patil , Ganesh Ghalme , Vineet Nair , Y. Narahari

The multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem is a foundational framework in sequential decision-making under uncertainty, extensively studied for its applications in areas such as clinical trials, online advertising, and resource allocation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Ali Baheri

The declining participation of beneficiaries over time is a key concern in public health programs. A popular strategy for improving retention is to have health workers `intervene' on beneficiaries at risk of dropping out. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Sanket Shah , Arun Suggala , Milind Tambe , Aparna Taneja

We study the stochastic Budgeted Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) problem, where a player chooses from $K$ arms with unknown expected rewards and costs. The goal is to maximize the total reward under a budget constraint. A player thus seeks to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Marco Heyden , Vadim Arzamasov , Edouard Fouché , Klemens Böhm

We study a sequential resource allocation problem where a decision maker selects subsets of agents at each period to maximize overall outcomes without prior knowledge of individual-level effects. Our framework applies to settings such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Katherine B. Adams , Justin J. Boutilier , Qinyang He , Yonatan Mintz

The multi-armed bandit(MAB) is a classical sequential decision problem. Most work requires assumptions about the reward distribution (e.g., bounded), while practitioners may have difficulty obtaining information about these distributions to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Han Qi , Fei Guo , Li Zhu

We introduce a novel framework of combinatorial multi-armed bandits (CMAB) with multivariant and probabilistically triggering arms (CMAB-MT), where the outcome of each arm is a $d$-dimensional multivariant random variable and the feedback…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Xutong Liu , Siwei Wang , Jinhang Zuo , Han Zhong , Xuchuang Wang , Zhiyong Wang , Shuai Li , Mohammad Hajiesmaili , John C. S. Lui , Wei Chen

We study the stochastic multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem in the presence of side-observations across actions that occur as a result of an underlying network structure. In our model, a bipartite graph captures the relationship between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-14 Swapna Buccapatnam , Fang Liu , Atilla Eryilmaz , Ness B. Shroff

We address the problem of \emph{`Internal Regret'} in \emph{Sleeping Bandits} in the fully adversarial setup, as well as draw connections between different existing notions of sleeping regrets in the multiarmed bandits (MAB) literature and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Pierre Gaillard , Aadirupa Saha , Soham Dan

Motivated by distributed selection problems, we formulate a new variant of multi-player multi-armed bandit (MAB) model, which captures stochastic arrival of requests to each arm, as well as the policy of allocating requests to players. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Hong Xie , Jinyu Mo , Defu Lian , Jie Wang , Enhong Chen

Multi-armed bandit problems (MABPs) are a special type of optimal control problem well suited to model resource allocation under uncertainty in a wide variety of contexts. Since the first publication of the optimal solution of the classic…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-07-30 Sofía S. Villar , Jack Bowden , James Wason

The restless multi-armed bandit problem is a paradigmatic modeling framework for optimal dynamic priority allocation in stochastic models of wide-ranging applications that has been widely investigated and applied since its inception in a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2026-01-26 José Niño-Mora

This paper addresses the poor finite-horizon performance of existing online \emph{restless bandit} (RB) algorithms, which stems from the prohibitive sample complexity of learning a full \emph{Markov decision process} (MDP) for each agent.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jiamin Xu , Ivan Nazarov , Aditya Rastogi , África Periáñez , Kyra Gan

In this paper, we propose a new multi-objective contextual multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem with two objectives, where one of the objectives dominates the other objective. Unlike single-objective MAB problems in which the learner obtains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Cem Tekin , Eralp Turgay

Competitions for shareable and limited resources have long been studied with strategic agents. In reality, agents often have to learn and maximize the rewards of the resources at the same time. To design an individualized competing policy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Renzhe Xu , Haotian Wang , Xingxuan Zhang , Bo Li , Peng Cui