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The success of many healthcare programs depends on participants' adherence. We consider the problem of scheduling interventions in low resource settings (e.g., placing timely support calls from health workers) to increase adherence and/or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Panayiotis Danassis , Shresth Verma , Jackson A. Killian , Aparna Taneja , Milind Tambe

Maternal and child health is a critical concern around the world. In many global health programs disseminating preventive care and health information, limited healthcare worker resources prevent continuous, personalised engagement with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Shresth Verma , Arpan Dasgupta , Neha Madhiwalla , Aparna Taneja , Milind Tambe

India has a maternal mortality ratio of 113 and child mortality ratio of 2830 per 100,000 live births. Lack of access to preventive care information is a major contributing factor for these deaths, especially in low resource households. We…

Multi-armed bandits a simple but very powerful framework for algorithms that make decisions over time under uncertainty. An enormous body of work has accumulated over the years, covered in several books and surveys. This book provides a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Aleksandrs Slivkins

Public health programs often provide interventions to encourage program adherence, and effectively allocating interventions is vital for producing the greatest overall health outcomes, especially in underserved communities where resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Biyonka Liang , Lily Xu , Aparna Taneja , Milind Tambe , Lucas Janson

The restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) framework is a popular approach to solving resource allocation problems in networked systems. In this paper, we study optimal resource allocation in RMABs facing unknown and non-stationary dynamics.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Md Kamran Chowdhury Shisher , Vishrant Tripathi , Mung Chiang , Christopher G. Brinton

We consider a resource-aware variant of the classical multi-armed bandit problem: In each round, the learner selects an arm and determines a resource limit. It then observes a corresponding (random) reward, provided the (random) amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Viktor Bengs , Eyke Hüllermeier

Strategic behavior against sequential learning methods, such as "click framing" in real recommendation systems, have been widely observed. Motivated by such behavior we study the problem of combinatorial multi-armed bandits (CMAB) under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Jing Dong , Ke Li , Shuai Li , Baoxiang Wang

Recommender systems relying on contextual multi-armed bandits continuously improve relevant item recommendations by taking into account the contextual information. The objective of bandit algorithms is to learn the best arm (e.g., best item…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Ahmed Sayeed Faruk , Elena Zheleva

The multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem is an active learning framework that aims to select the best among a set of actions by sequentially observing rewards. Recently, it has become popular for a number of applications over wireless networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Osama A. Hanna , Lin F. Yang , Christina Fragouli

In this paper, we investigate a new multi-armed bandit (MAB) online learning model that considers real-world phenomena in many recommender systems: (i) the learning agent cannot pull the arms by itself and thus has to offer rewards to users…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Tianchen Zhou , Jia Liu , Chaosheng Dong , Jingyuan Deng

Scientific experimentation is largely driven by statistical hypothesis testing to determine significant differences in interventions. Traditionally, experimenters allocate samples uniformly between each intervention. However, such an…

We study an interesting variant of the stochastic multi-armed bandit problem, called the Fair-SMAB problem, where each arm is required to be pulled for at least a given fraction of the total available rounds. We investigate the interplay…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Vishakha Patil , Ganesh Ghalme , Vineet Nair , Y. Narahari

Many online applications running on live traffic are powered by machine learning models, for which training, validation, and hyper-parameter tuning are conducted on historical data. However, it is common for models demonstrating strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Jiayi Xie , Michael Tashman , John Hoffman , Lee Winikor , Rouzbeh Gerami

The combinatorial multi-armed bandit (CMAB) is a fundamental sequential decision-making framework, extensively studied over the past decade. However, existing work primarily focuses on the online setting, overlooking the substantial costs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Xutong Liu , Xiangxiang Dai , Jinhang Zuo , Siwei Wang , Carlee Joe-Wong , John C. S. Lui , Wei Chen

We study the multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem with composite and anonymous feedback. In this model, the reward of pulling an arm spreads over a period of time (we call this period as reward interval) and the player receives partial rewards…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Siwei Wang , Haoyun Wang , Longbo Huang

Multi-armed Bandits (MABs) are increasingly employed in online platforms and e-commerce to optimize decision making for personalized user experiences. In this work, we focus on the Contextual Bandit problem with linear rewards, under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Rowan Swiers , Subash Prabanantham , Andrew Maher

During online decision making in Multi-Armed Bandits (MAB), one needs to conduct inference on the true mean reward of each arm based on data collected so far at each step. However, since the arms are adaptively selected--thereby yielding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Maria Dimakopoulou , Zhimei Ren , Zhengyuan Zhou

We consider restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) with a finite horizon and multiple pulls per period. Leveraging the Lagrangian relaxation, we approximate the problem with a collection of single arm problems. We then propose an index-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-07-04 Weici Hu , Peter Frazier

Early-phase clinical trials face the challenge of selecting optimal drug doses that balance safety and efficacy due to uncertain dose-response relationships and varied participant characteristics. Traditional randomized dose allocation…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-13 Rohit Kanrar , Chunlin Li , Zara Ghodsi , Margaret Gamalo