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Pairwise ordered tree alignment are combinatorial objects that appear in RNA secondary structure comparison. However, the usual representation of tree alignments as supertrees is ambiguous, i.e. two distinct supertrees may induce identical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-03-08 Cedric Chauve , Julien Courtiel , Yann Ponty

Recently, the second and third authors introduced a new symmetric tensor category $\underline{\mathrm{Perm}}(G, \mu)$ associated to an oligomorphic group $G$ with a measure $\mu$. When $G$ is the group of order preserving self-bijections of…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Kevin Coulembier , Nate Harman , Andrew Snowden

We introduce and study three different notions of tropical rank for symmetric and dissimilarity matrices in terms of minimal decompositions into rank 1 symmetric matrices, star tree matrices, and tree matrices. Our results provide a close…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-12-09 Dustin Cartwright , Melody Chan

We present new functional equations for the species of plane and of planar (in the sense of Harary and Palmer, 1973) 2-trees and some associated pointed species. We then deduce the explicit molecular expansion of these species, i.e a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 G. Labelle , C. Lamathe , P. Leroux

This paper studies the "explanation problem" for tree- and linearly-ordered array data, a problem motivated by database applications and recently solved for the one-dimensional tree-ordered case. In this paper, one is given a matrix A whose…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-01-11 Howard Karloff , Flip Korn , Konstantin Makarychev , Yuval Rabani

We discuss the geometry of trees endowed with a causal structure using the conventional framework of equilibrium statistical mechanics. We show how this ensemble is related to popular growing network models. In particular we demonstrate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Bialas

We develop a theory of descent and forms of tensor categories over arbitrary fields. We describe the general scheme of classification of such forms using algebraic and homotopical language, and give examples of explicit classification of…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2012-02-07 Pavel Etingof , Shlomo Gelaki

Arboreal networks are a generalization of rooted trees, defined by keeping the tree-like structure, but dropping the requirement for a single root. Just as the class of cographs is precisely the class of undirected graphs that can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-13 Guillaume E. Scholz

When considering the number of subtrees of trees, the extremal structures which maximize this number among binary trees and trees with a given maximum degree lead to some interesting facts that correlate to other graphical indices in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-11 Xiu-Mei Zhang , Xiao-Dong Zhang , Daniel Gray , Hua Wang

Let $\sigma$ be a simple involution of an algebraic semisimple group $G$ and let $H$ be the subgroup of $G$ of points fixed by $\sigma$. If the restricted root system is of type $A$, $C$ or $BC$ and $G$ is simply connected or if the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Rocco Chiriví , Peter Littelmann , Andrea Maffei

We study local algebras, which are structures similar to $\mathbb{Z}$-graded algebras concentrated in degrees $-1,0,1$, but without a product defined for pairs of elements at the same degree $\pm1$. To any triple consisting of a Kac-Moody…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Martin Cederwall , Jakob Palmkvist

We develop a general theory of cluster categories, applying to a 2-Calabi-Yau extriangulated category $\mathcal{C}$ and cluster-tilting subcategory $\mathcal{T}$ satisfying only mild finiteness conditions. We show that the structure theory…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-01 Jan E. Grabowski , Matthew Pressland

Starting from certain perverse sheaves on an abelian variety, including the intersection cohomology sheaves of curves and smooth ample divisors, we construct a semisimple super-Tannakian category.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Rainer Weissauer

We study the derived category of pseudo-coherent complexes over a noetherian commutative ring, building on prior work by Matsui-Takahashi. Our main theorem is a computation of the Balmer spectrum of this category in the case of a discrete…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-08-26 Beren Sanders , Yufei Zhang

We introduce a new family of higher-rank graphs, whose construction was inspired by the graphical techniques of Lambek \cite{Lambek} and Johnstone \cite{Johnstone} used for monoid and category emedding results. We show that they are planar…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-29 David Pask

We extend Tilson's theory of the algebra of finite categories, in particular, the Derived Category Theorem, to the setting of forest algebras. As an illustration of the usefulness of this method, we provide a new proof of a result of Place…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Howard Straubing

We consider a dichotomy for analytic families of trees stating that either there is a colouring of the nodes for which all but finitely many levels of every tree are nonhomogeneous, or else the family contains an uncountable antichain. This…

Logic · Mathematics 2008-08-12 James Hirschorn

We define and study expansion problems on countable structures in the setting of descriptive combinatorics. We consider both expansions on countable Borel equivalence relations and on countable groups, in the Borel, measure and category…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Michael Wolman

A tree diagram is a tree with positive integral weight on each edge, which is a notion generalized from the Dynkin diagrams of finite-dimensional simple Lie algebras. We introduce two nilpotent Lie algebras and their extended solvable Lie…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2007-07-02 Xiaoping Xu

In a constructive setting, no concrete formulation of ordinal numbers can simultaneously have all the properties one might be interested in; for example, being able to calculate limits of sequences is constructively incompatible with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Nicolai Kraus , Fredrik Nordvall Forsberg , Chuangjie Xu