Related papers: Demonstration-based learning for few-shot biomedic…

Few-shot learning has been studied to adapt models to tasks with very few samples. It holds profound significance, particularly in clinical tasks, due to the high annotation cost of medical images. Several works have explored few-shot…

Named entity recognition is a key component of Information Extraction (IE), particularly in scientific domains such as biomedicine and chemistry, where large language models (LLMs), e.g., ChatGPT, fall short. We investigate the…

The scientific literature contains a wealth of cutting-edge knowledge in the field of materials science, as well as useful data (e.g., numerical data from experimental results, material properties and structure). These data are critical for…

Named Entity Recognition (NER) involves identifying and categorizing named entities within textual data. Despite its significance, NER research has often overlooked low-resource languages like Myanmar (Burmese), primarily due to the lack of…

Medical Entity Recognition (MedER) is an essential NLP task for extracting meaningful entities from the medical corpus. Nowadays, MedER-based research outcomes can remarkably contribute to the development of automated systems in the medical…

Autonomous agents interacting with the real world need to learn new concepts efficiently and reliably. This requires learning in a low-data regime, which is a highly challenging problem. We address this task by introducing a fast…

Recent multilingual named entity recognition (NER) work has shown that large language models (LLMs) can provide effective synthetic supervision, yet such datasets have mostly appeared as by-products of broader experiments rather than as…

Biomedical named entities often play important roles in many biomedical text mining tools. However, due to the incompleteness of provided synonyms and numerous variations in their surface forms, normalization of biomedical entities is very…

Large Language Models (LLMs, e.g., ChatGPT) have shown impressive zero- and few-shot capabilities in Named Entity Recognition (NER). However, these models can only be accessed via online APIs, which may cause data leak and non-reproducible…

Biomedical entity linking (BioEL) has achieved remarkable progress with the help of pre-trained language models. However, existing BioEL methods usually struggle to handle rare and difficult entities due to long-tailed distribution. To…

Continual Named Entity Recognition (CNER) is a burgeoning area, which involves updating an existing model by incorporating new entity types sequentially. Nevertheless, continual learning approaches are often severely afflicted by…

We present a novel approach to named entity recognition (NER) in the presence of scarce data that we call example-based NER. Our train-free few-shot learning approach takes inspiration from question-answering to identify entity spans in a…

Named-entity recognition (NER) is a task that typically requires large annotated datasets, which limits its applicability across domains with varying entity definitions. This paper addresses few-shot NER, aiming to transfer knowledge to new…

Annotated images and ground truth for the diagnosis of rare and novel diseases are scarce. This is expected to prevail, considering the small number of affected patient population and limited clinical expertise to annotate images. Further,…

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) based on Electroencephalography (EEG) signals, in particular motor imagery (MI) data have received a lot of attention and show the potential towards the design of key technologies both in healthcare and other…

Named Entity Recognition (NER) in Few-Shot setting is imperative for entity tagging in low resource domains. Existing approaches only learn class-specific semantic features and intermediate representations from source domains. This affects…

In this paper, we present our system for the BioNNE English track, which aims to extract 8 types of biomedical nested named entities from biomedical text. We use a large language model (Mixtral 8x7B instruct) and ScispaCy NER model to…

Increasing volume of Electronic Health Records (EHR) in recent years provides great opportunities for data scientists to collaborate on different aspects of healthcare research by applying advanced analytics to these EHR clinical data. A…

We study the problem of named entity recognition (NER) based on demonstration learning in low-resource scenarios. We identify two issues in demonstration construction and model training. Firstly, existing methods for selecting demonstration…

Increasing volume of Electronic Health Records (EHR) in recent years provides great opportunities for data scientists to collaborate on different aspects of healthcare research by applying advanced analytics to these EHR clinical data. A…