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Recent progress in large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated the ability to learn and leverage Internet-scale knowledge through pre-training with autoregressive models. Unfortunately, applying such models to settings with embodied…

Causal discovery has been widely studied, yet many existing methods rely on strong assumptions or fall into two extremes: either depending on costly interventional signals or partial ground truth as strong priors, or adopting purely data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Wenbo Xu , Yue He , Yunhai Wang , Xingxuan Zhang , Kun Kuang , Yueguo Chen , Peng Cui

While Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) internalize a great amount of world knowledge, they have been shown incapable of recalling these knowledge to solve tasks requiring complex & multi-step reasoning. Similar to how humans develop a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Boshi Wang , Xiang Deng , Huan Sun

Recent advances in large pretrained models have led to their widespread integration as core components in modern software systems. The trend is expected to continue in the foreseeable future. Unlike traditional software systems governed by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Dongming Jin , Zhi Jin , Linyu Li , Xiaohong Chen

Although pre-trained language models encode generic knowledge beneficial for planning and control, they may fail to generate appropriate control policies for domain-specific tasks. Existing fine-tuning methods use human feedback to address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yunhao Yang , Neel P. Bhatt , Tyler Ingebrand , William Ward , Steven Carr , Zhangyang Wang , Ufuk Topcu

Pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) can make semantic and visual inferences across diverse settings, providing valuable common-sense priors for robotic control. However, effectively grounding this knowledge in robot behaviors remains…

A robot's ability to understand or ground natural language instructions is fundamentally tied to its knowledge about the surrounding world. We present an approach to grounding natural language utterances in the context of factual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Rohan Paul , Andrei Barbu , Sue Felshin , Boris Katz , Nicholas Roy

We present a universal framework to model contextualized sentence representations with visual awareness that is motivated to overcome the shortcomings of the multimodal parallel data with manual annotations. For each sentence, we first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang , Kehai Chen , Masao Utiyama , Eiichiro Sumita , Hai Zhao

Humans are excellent at understanding language and vision to accomplish a wide range of tasks. In contrast, creating general instruction-following embodied agents remains a difficult challenge. Prior work that uses pure language-only models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Hao Liu , Lisa Lee , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel

The ability to sequence unordered events is an essential skill to comprehend and reason about real world task procedures, which often requires thorough understanding of temporal common sense and multimodal information, as these procedures…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Te-Lin Wu , Alex Spangher , Pegah Alipoormolabashi , Marjorie Freedman , Ralph Weischedel , Nanyun Peng

This study focuses on Embodied Complex-Question Answering task, which means the embodied robot need to understand human questions with intricate structures and abstract semantics. The core of this task lies in making appropriate plans based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Ning Lan , Baoshan Ou , Xuemei Xie , Guangming Shi

Recent advances in vision-and-language modeling have seen the development of Transformer architectures that achieve remarkable performance on multimodal reasoning tasks. Yet, the exact capabilities of these black-box models are still poorly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Mitja Nikolaus , Emmanuelle Salin , Stephane Ayache , Abdellah Fourtassi , Benoit Favre

Our aim is to learn to solve long-horizon decision-making problems in complex robotics domains given low-level skills and a handful of short-horizon demonstrations containing sequences of images. To this end, we focus on learning abstract…

With an increasing use of data-driven models to control robotic systems, it has become important to develop a methodology for validating such models before they can be deployed to design a controller for the actual system. Specifically, it…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Somil Bansal , Shromona Ghosh , Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli , Sanjit A. Seshia , Claire J. Tomlin

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offer interpretable alternatives to black-box predictors by introducing human-relatable concepts before the final output. However, existing CBMs struggle to verify whether predicted concepts correspond to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yingying Fang , Haijie Xu , Shuang Wu , Mariathasan Anish , Guang Yang

Multimodal foundation models offer promising advancements for enhancing driving perception systems, but their high computational and financial costs pose challenges. We develop a method that leverages foundation models to refine predictions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Yunhao Yang , Yuxin Hu , Mao Ye , Zaiwei Zhang , Zhichao Lu , Yi Xu , Ufuk Topcu , Ben Snyder

The finetuning of pretrained transformer-based language generation models are typically conducted in an end-to-end manner, where the model learns to attend to relevant parts of the input by itself. However, there does not exist a mechanism…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Jiabao Ji , Yoon Kim , James Glass , Tianxing He

Multimodal foundation models offer a promising framework for robotic perception and planning by processing sensory inputs to generate actionable plans. However, addressing uncertainty in both perception (sensory interpretation) and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Neel P. Bhatt , Yunhao Yang , Rohan Siva , Daniel Milan , Ufuk Topcu , Zhangyang Wang

Constrained generative modeling is fundamental to applications such as robotic control and autonomous driving, where models must respect physical laws and safety-critical constraints. In real-world settings, these constraints rarely take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xiaoxuan Liang , Saeid Naderiparizi , Yunpeng Liu , Berend Zwartsenberg , Frank Wood

Achieving machine intelligence requires a smooth integration of perception and reasoning, yet models developed to date tend to specialize in one or the other; sophisticated manipulation of symbols acquired from rich perceptual spaces has so…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Eric Crawford , Guillaume Rabusseau , Joelle Pineau
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