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Generative AI is increasingly positioned as a peer in collaborative learning, yet its effects on ethical deliberation remain unclear. We report a between-subjects experiment with university students (N=217) who discussed an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yueqiao Jin , Roberto Martinez-Maldonado , Wanruo Shi , Songjie Huang , Mingmin Zheng , Xinbin Han , Dragan Gasevic , Lixiang Yan

For the first time, this paper presents a taxonomy of legal risks associated with generative AI (GenAI) by breaking down complex legal concepts to provide a common understanding of potential legal challenges for developing and deploying…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-27 David Atkinson , Jacob Morrison

Large Generative AI (GAI) models have the unparalleled ability to generate text, images, audio, and other forms of media that are increasingly indistinguishable from human-generated content. As these models often train on publicly available…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Tanja Šarčević , Alicja Karlowicz , Rudolf Mayer , Ricardo Baeza-Yates , Andreas Rauber

"Does generative AI infringe copyright?" is an urgent question. It is also a difficult question, for two reasons. First, "generative AI" is not just one product from one company. It is a catch-all name for a massive ecosystem of loosely…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Katherine Lee , A. Feder Cooper , James Grimmelmann

Explainable models in Artificial Intelligence are often employed to ensure transparency and accountability of AI systems. The fidelity of the explanations are dependent upon the algorithms used as well as on the fidelity of the data. Many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Muhammad Aurangzeb Ahmad , Carly Eckert , Ankur Teredesai

The adoption of generative AI across commercial and legal professions offers dramatic efficiency gains -- yet for law in particular, it introduces a perilous failure mode in which the AI fabricates fictitious case law, statutes, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Dylan J. Restrepo , Nicholas J. Restrepo , Frank Y. Huo , Neil F. Johnson

Recently, red teaming, with roots in security, has become a key evaluative approach to ensure the safety and reliability of Generative Artificial Intelligence. However, most existing work emphasizes technical benchmarks and attack success…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Adriana Alvarado Garcia , Ruyuan Wan , Ozioma C. Oguine , Karla Badillo-Urquiola

The Generative AI Ethics Playbook provides guidance for identifying and mitigating risks of machine learning systems across various domains, including natural language processing, computer vision, and generative AI. This playbook aims to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jessie J. Smith , Wesley Hanwen Deng , William H. Smith , Maarten Sap , Nicole DeCario , Jesse Dodge

As large language models (LLMs) achieve advanced persuasive capabilities, concerns about their potential risks have grown. The EU AI Act prohibits AI systems that use manipulative or deceptive techniques to undermine informed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haein Kong

Ensuring the safe deployment of AI systems is critical in industry settings where biased outputs can lead to significant operational, reputational, and regulatory risks. Thorough evaluation before deployment is essential to prevent these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Chu Fei Luo , Ahmad Ghawanmeh , Bharat Bhimshetty , Kashyap Murali , Murli Jadhav , Xiaodan Zhu , Faiza Khan Khattak

Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly through the advent of large-scale generative AI (GenAI) models such as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become a transformative element in contemporary technology. While these models have unlocked…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Boming Xia , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Sung Une Lee , Yue Liu , Zhenchang Xing

AI safety is a rapidly growing area of research that seeks to prevent the harm and misuse of frontier AI technology, particularly with respect to generative AI (GenAI) tools that are capable of creating realistic and high-quality content…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Pin-Yu Chen

Due to its general-purpose nature, Generative AI is applied in an ever-growing set of domains and tasks, leading to an expanding set of risks of harm impacting people, communities, society, and the environment. These risks may arise due to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Megan Li , Wendy Bickersteth , Ningjing Tang , Jason Hong , Lorrie Cranor , Hong Shen , Hoda Heidari

In recent years, generative AI (GenAI), like large language models and text-to-image models, has received significant attention across various domains. However, ensuring the responsible generation of content by these models is crucial for…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Jindong Gu

With significant advances in generative AI, new technologies are rapidly being deployed with generative components. Generative models are typically trained on large datasets, resulting in model behaviors that can mimic the worst of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Susan Hao , Piyush Kumar , Sarah Laszlo , Shivani Poddar , Bhaktipriya Radharapu , Renee Shelby

Efforts to ensure the safety of large language models (LLMs) include safety fine-tuning, evaluation, and red teaming. However, despite the widespread use of the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework, AI safety work focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Bang An , Shiyue Zhang , Mark Dredze

Our interdisciplinary study investigates how effectively U.S. laws confront the challenges posed by Generative AI to human values. Through an analysis of diverse hypothetical scenarios crafted during an expert workshop, we have identified…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Inyoung Cheong , Aylin Caliskan , Tadayoshi Kohno

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies raises concerns about the accountability of sociotechnical systems. Current generative AI systems rely on complex mechanisms that make it difficult for even…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yuri Nakao

As generative AI systems, including large language models (LLMs) and diffusion models, advance rapidly, their growing adoption has led to new and complex security risks often overlooked in traditional AI risk assessment frameworks. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Aviral Srivastava , Sourav Panda

As the capabilities of generative language models continue to advance, the implications of biases ingrained within these models have garnered increasing attention from researchers, practitioners, and the broader public. This article…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Emilio Ferrara