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Analog electronic and optical computing exhibit tremendous advantages over digital computing for accelerating deep learning when operations are executed at low precision. In this work, we derive a relationship between analog precision,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Sahaj Garg , Joe Lou , Anirudh Jain , Mitchell Nahmias

The exponential growth in data generation and large-scale data analysis creates an unprecedented need for inexpensive, low-latency, and high-density information storage. This need has motivated significant research into multi-level memory…

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved significant success in computer vision. However, their intensive computations and massive memory footprint challenge ViTs' deployment on embedded devices, calling for efficient ViTs. Among them,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Haikuo Shao , Huihong Shi , Wendong Mao , Zhongfeng Wang

The wide adoption and substantial computational resource requirements of attention-based Transformers have spurred the demand for efficient hardware accelerators. Unlike digital-based accelerators, there is growing interest in exploring…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Huize Li , Dan Chen , Tulika Mitra

The last few years have seen a lot of work to address the challenge of low-latency and high-throughput convolutional neural network inference. Integrated photonics has the potential to dramatically accelerate neural networks because of its…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Shurui Li , Hangbo Yang , Chee Wei Wong , Volker J. Sorger , Puneet Gupta

Graphics processing units (GPU) had evolved from a specialized hardware capable to render high quality graphics in games to a commodity hardware for effective processing blocks of data in a parallel schema. This evolution is particularly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2012-03-26 Luis Cabellos

Digital electronics is a technological cornerstone in our modern society which has covered the increasing demand in computing power during the last decades thanks to a periodic doubling of transistor density and power efficiency in…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Andrés Macho-Ortiz , Daniel Pérez-López , José Azaña , José Capmany

With the advent of the 5G wireless networks, achieving tens of gigabits per second throughputs and low, milliseconds, latency has become a reality. This level of performance will fuel numerous real-time applications, such as autonomy and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-14 Ashkan Samiee , Yiming Zhou , Tingyi Zhou , Bahram Jalali

Transformer neural networks (TNN) excel in natural language processing (NLP), machine translation, and computer vision (CV) without relying on recurrent or convolutional layers. However, they have high computational and memory demands,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Ehsan Kabir , Jason D. Bakos , David Andrews , Miaoqing Huang

The computational demands of modern AI have spurred interest in optical neural networks (ONNs) which offer the potential benefits of increased speed and lower power consumption. However, current ONNs face various challenges,most…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Xiansong Meng , Deming Kong , Kwangwoong Kim , Qiuchi Li , Po Dong , Ingemar J. Cox , Christina Lioma , Hao Hu

Recent progress in photonic information processing has spurred strong demand in scalable and reconfigurable photonic circuitry. Conventional spatially-meshed multi-port interferometers require a number of components growing quadratically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Jasvith Raj Basani , Chaohan Cui , Jack Postlewaite , Edo Waks , Saikat Guha

Transformers are widely used for solving tasks in natural language processing, computer vision, speech, and music domains. In this paper, we talk about the efficiency of transformers in terms of memory (the number of parameters),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Badri N. Patro , Vijay Srinivas Agneeswaran

The paper considers the calibration of control-bounded analog-to-digital converters. It is demonstrated that variations of the analog frontend can be addressed by calibrating the digital estimation filter. In simulations (both behavioral…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-15 Hampus Malmberg , Till Mettler , Thomas Burger , Fredrik Feyling , Hans-Andrea Loeliger

Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is an essential tool in scientific and engineering computation. The increasing demand for mixed-precision FFT has made it possible to utilize half-precision floating-point (FP16) arithmetic for faster speed and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Binrui Li , Shenggan Cheng , James Lin

The use of analog classical systems for computation is generally thought to be a difficult proposition due to the susceptibility of these devices to noise and the lack of a clear framework for achieving fault-tolerance. We present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-27 Corey Ostrove , Brian La Cour , Andrew Lanham , Granville Ott

Rapid advances in deep learning have led to paradigm shifts in a number of fields, from medical image analysis to autonomous systems. These advances, however, have resulted in digital neural networks with large computational requirements,…

Imaging and Image sensors is a field that is continuously evolving. There are new products coming into the market every day. Some of these have very severe Size, Weight and Power constraints whereas other devices have to handle very high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-01 Nihar Athreyas , Zhiguo Lai , Jai Gupta , Dev Gupta

Convolutions are one of the most relevant operations in artificial intelligence (AI) systems. High computational complexity scaling poses significant challenges, especially in fast-responding network-edge AI applications. Fortunately, the…

Analog in-memory computing is an emerging paradigm designed to efficiently accelerate deep neural network workloads. Recent advancements have focused on either inference or training acceleration. However, a unified analog in-memory…

Human lives are improving with the widespread use of cutting-edge digital technology like the Internet of Things (IoT). Recently, the pandemic has shown the demand for more digitally advanced IoT-based devices. International Data…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-04 Buddhi Prakash Sharma , Anu Gupta , Chandra Shekhar