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In large-scale distributed LLM training, communication between devices becomes the key performance bottleneck. Chiplet technology can integrate multiple dies into a package to scale-up node performance with higher bandwidth. Meanwhile,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Kangbo Bai , Zhantong Zhu , Yifan Ding , Tianyu Jia

The widespread 'deeper is better' philosophy has driven the creation of architectures like ResNet and Transformer, which achieve high performance by stacking numerous layers. However, increasing model depth comes with challenges such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Wei Wang , Xiao-Yong Wei , Qing Li

Data-parallel problems demand ever growing floating-point (FP) operations per second under tight area- and energy-efficiency constraints. In this work, we present Manticore, a general-purpose, ultra-efficient chiplet-based architecture for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Florian Zaruba , Fabian Schuiki , Luca Benini

The growing disparity between CPU core counts and available memory bandwidth has intensified memory contention in servers. This particularly affects highly parallelizable applications, which must achieve efficient cache utilization to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Alessandro Fogli , Bo Zhao , Peter Pietzuch , Jana Giceva

Advanced packaging offers a new design paradigm in the post-Moore era, where many small chiplets can be assembled into a large system. Based on heterogeneous integration, a chiplet-based accelerator can be highly specialized for a specific…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Xiaochen Hao , Zijian Ding , Jieming Yin , Yuan Wang , Yun Liang

We propose a simulation-based approach for performance modeling of parallel applications on high-performance computing platforms. Our approach enables full-system performance modeling: (1) the hardware platform is represented by an abstract…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Gen Xu , Huda Ibeid , Xin Jiang , Vjekoslav Svilan , Zhaojuan Bian

Deploying advanced large language models on edge devices, such as smartphones and robotics, is a growing trend that enhances user data privacy and network connectivity resilience while preserving intelligent capabilities. However, such a…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Zhongkai Yu , Shengwen Liang , Tianyun Ma , Yunke Cai , Ziyuan Nan , Di Huang , Xinkai Song , Yifan Hao , Jie Zhang , Tian Zhi , Yongwei Zhao , Zidong Du , Xing Hu , Qi Guo , Tianshi Chen

Modern AI acceleration faces a fundamental challenge: conventional assumptions about memory requirements, batching effectiveness, and latency-throughput tradeoffs are systemwide generalizations that ignore the heterogeneous computational…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Haoran Jin , Jirong Yang , Yunpeng Liu , Barry Lyu , Kangqi Zhang , Nathaniel Bleier

The adoption of machine learning-based techniques for analog integrated circuit layout, unlike its digital counterpart, has been limited by the stringent requirements imposed by electric and problem-specific constraints, along with the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Davide Basso , Luca Bortolussi , Mirjana Videnovic-Misic , Husni Habal

Floorplanning determines the coordinate and shape of each module in Integrated Circuits. With the scaling of technology nodes, in floorplanning stage especially 3D scenarios with multiple stacked layers, it has become increasingly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ruizhe Zhong , Xingbo Du , Junchi Yan

This paper proposes an efficient neural network (NN) architecture design methodology called Chameleon that honors given resource constraints. Instead of developing new building blocks or using computationally-intensive reinforcement…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Xiaoliang Dai , Peizhao Zhang , Bichen Wu , Hongxu Yin , Fei Sun , Yanghan Wang , Marat Dukhan , Yunqing Hu , Yiming Wu , Yangqing Jia , Peter Vajda , Matt Uyttendaele , Niraj K. Jha

Analysis and verification of quantum circuits are highly challenging, given the exponential dependence of the number of states on the number of qubits. For analytical derivation, we propose a new quantum polynomial representation (QPR) to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Yu-Ting Kao , Hao-Yu Lu , Yeong-Jar Chang , Darsen Lu

Industry is moving towards large-scale systems where processor cores, memories, accelerators, etc.\ are bundled via 2.5D integration. These various components are fabricated separately as chiplets and then integrated using an interconnect…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Gino Chacon , Tapojyoti Mandal , Johann Knechtel , Ozgur Sinanoglu , Paul Gratz , Vassos Soteriou

MPSoCs are gaining popularity because of its potential to solve computationally expensive applications. A multi-core processor combines two or more independent cores (normally a CPU) into a single package composed of a single integrated…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-14 Bilal Habib , Ahmed Anber , Sultan Daud Khan

The increase in design cost and complexity have motivated designers to adopt modular design of System on Chip (SoC) by integrating independently designed small chiplets. However, it introduces new challenges for correctness validation,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Pritam Majumder , Sungkeun Kim , Jiayi Huang , Ki Hwan Yum , Eun Jung Kim

Advanced packaging and chiplet-based integration are increasingly adopted to build complex heterogeneous systems beyond the limits of monolithic scaling. While these architectures offer major benefits in terms of modularity, yield, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Giorgio Di Natale , Christelle Rabache , Pierre-Louis Hellier , Florence Podevin , Sylvain Bourdel , Romain Siragusa , Paolo Maistri

The paper presents investigations on the implementation and performance of the finite element numerical integration algorithm for first order approximations and three processor architectures, popular in scientific computing, classical CPU,…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Krzysztof Banaś , Filip Krużel , Jan Bielański

As quantum processors scale, monolithic architectures face growing challenges due to limited qubit density, heterogeneous error profiles, and restricted connectivity. Modular quantum systems, enabled by chip-to-chip coupler-connected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-15 Zefan Du , Shuwen Kan , Samuel Stein , Zhiding Liang , Ang Li , Ying Mao

Quantum computing offers unparalleled computational capabilities but faces significant challenges, including limited qubit counts, diverse hardware topologies, and dynamic noise and error rates, which hinder scalability and reliability.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Zefan Du , Pedro Chumpitaz Flores , Wenqi Wei , Juntao Chen , Kaixun Hua , Ying Mao

This paper introduces a versatile, multi-layered technology to help support teaching and learning core computer architecture concepts. This technology, called CodeAPeel is already implemented in one particular form to describe instruction…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-11-30 A. Yavuz Oruc , A. Atmaca , Y. Nevzat Sengun , A. Semi Yenimol