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Studying extreme events and how they evolve in a changing climate is one of the most important current scientific challenges. Starting from complex climate models, a key difficulty is to be able to run long enough simulations in order to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2017-12-27 Francesco Ragone , Jeroen Wouters , Freddy Bouchet

Extreme wave events or rogue waves (RWs) are both statistically rare and of exceptionally large amplitude. They are observed in many complex systems ranging from oceanic and optical environments to financial models and Bose-Einstein…

Extreme events, or rogue waves, are high-amplitude, rare occurrences that emerge across diverse physical systems and often defy conventional statistical predictions. While optical systems provide a controlled setting for studying these…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-04 T. Wang , Z. Li , Y. Ma , J. Huang , Y. Li , Z. Tu , S. Xiang , G. Ruocco , Y. Hao

Detecting extreme events in large datasets is a major challenge in climate science research. Current algorithms for extreme event detection are build upon human expertise in defining events based on subjective thresholds of relevant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-05 Yunjie Liu , Evan Racah , Prabhat , Joaquin Correa , Amir Khosrowshahi , David Lavers , Kenneth Kunkel , Michael Wehner , William Collins

The frequency of disruptive and newly emerging threats (e.g. man-made attacks--cyber and physical attacks; extreme natural events--hurricanes, earthquakes, and floods) has escalated dramatically in the last decade. Impacts of these events…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-08 Narayan Bhusal , Mukesh Gautam , Michael Abdelmalak , Mohammed Benidris

To account for volatile renewable energy supply, energy systems optimization problems require high temporal resolution. Many models use time-series clustering to find representative periods to reduce the amount of time-series input data and…

We derive precursors of extreme dissipation events in a turbulent channel flow. Using a recently developed method that combines dynamics and statistics for the underlying attractor, we extract a characteristic state that precedes…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-06-10 Patrick J. Blonigan , Mohammad Farazmand , Themistoklis P. Sapsis

Many natural and physical processes display long memory and extreme events. In these systems, the measured time series is invariably contaminated by noise. As the extreme events display large deviation from the mean behaviour, the noise…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2021-11-23 Dayal Singh , M. S. Santhanam

Forecasting time series with extreme events has been a challenging and prevalent research topic, especially when the time series data are affected by complicated uncertain factors, such as is the case in hydrologic prediction. Diverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Yanhong Li , Jack Xu , David C. Anastasiu

Extreme weather events pose significant challenges, thereby demanding techniques for accurate analysis and precise forecasting to mitigate its impact. In recent years, deep learning techniques have emerged as a promising approach for…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 Shikha Verma , Kuldeep Srivastava , Akhilesh Tiwari , Shekhar Verma

Since 1970, the R\"ossler system has remained as a considerably simpler and minimal dimensional chaos serving system. Unveiling the dynamics of a system of two coupled chaotic oscillators that leads to the emergence of extreme events in the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2024-09-25 S. Sudharsan , Tapas Kumar Pal , Dibakar Ghosh , Jürgen Kurths

We address the problem of prediction for extreme observations by proposing an extremal linear prediction method. We construct an inner product space of nonnegative random variables derived from transformed-linear combinations of independent…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-21 Jeongjin Lee , Daniel Cooley

Quantifying and predicting rare and extreme events persists as a crucial yet challenging task in understanding complex dynamical systems. Many practical challenges arise from the infrequency and severity of these events, including the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-23 Kai Chang , Themistoklis P. Sapsis

Extreme events are the major weather-related hazard for humanity. It is then of crucial importance to have a good understanding of their statistics and to be able to forecast them. However, lack of sufficient data makes their study…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-03-13 Valeria Mascolo , Alessandro Lovo , Corentin Herbert , Freddy Bouchet

Weather extremes produce major impacts on society and ecosystems and are likely to change in likelihood and magnitude with climate change. However, very low probability events are hard to characterize statistically using observations or…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-28 Christopher J. Paciorek , Daniel Cooley

Then detection and identification of extreme weather events in large-scale climate simulations is an important problem for risk management, informing governmental policy decisions and advancing our basic understanding of the climate system.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-28 Evan Racah , Christopher Beckham , Tegan Maharaj , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou , Prabhat , Christopher Pal

Extreme weather is one of the main mechanisms through which climate change will directly impact human society. Coping with such change as a global community requires markedly improved understanding of how global warming drives extreme…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-09-18 Adam Rupe , Karthik Kashinath , Nalini Kumar , Victor Lee , Prabhat , James P. Crutchfield

We consider empirical multi-dimensional Rare Events Point Processes that keep track both of the time occurrence of extremal observations and of their severity, for stochastic processes arising from a dynamical system, by evaluating a given…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-09-19 Ana Cristina Moreira Freitas , Jorge Milhazes Freitas , Mário Magalhães

Problem definition: Data-driven models in machine learning have enabled efficient management of production systems. However, a majority of machine learning models are devoted to modeling the mean response or average pattern, which is…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-27 Cheolhei Lee , Xing Wang , Xiaowei Yue , Jianguo Wu

This paper addresses the critical challenge of improving predictions of climate extreme events, specifically heat waves, using machine learning methods. Our work is framed as a classification problem in which we try to predict whether…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Julien Collard , Pierre Gentine , Tian Zheng