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Quantum machine learning has the potential for broad industrial applications, and the development of quantum algorithms for improving the performance of neural networks is of particular interest given the central role they play in machine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-09 Jonathan Allcock , Chang-Yu Hsieh , Iordanis Kerenidis , Shengyu Zhang

Quantum neural networks (QNN) have been proposed as a promising architecture for quantum machine learning. There exist a number of different quantum circuit designs being branded as QNNs, however no clear candidate has presented itself as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-15 Samuel A Wilkinson , Michael J Hartmann

Reservoir computing is a versatile paradigm in computational neuroscience and machine learning, that exploits the non-linear dynamics of a dynamical system - the reservoir - to efficiently process time-dependent information. Since its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-21 Francesco Monzani , Enrico Prati

Quantum machine learning (QML), as an interdisciplinary field bridging quantum computing and machine learning, has garnered significant attention in recent years. Currently, the field as a whole faces challenges due to incomplete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Jialiang Tang , Jialin Zhang , Xiaoming Sun

The Universal Approximation Theorem posits that neural networks can theoretically possess unlimited approximation capacity with a suitable activation function and a freely chosen or trained set of parameters. However, a more practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Li Liu , Tengchao Yu , Heng Yong

Neural network width and depth are fundamental aspects of network topology. Universal approximation theorems provide that with increasing width or depth, there exists a neural network that approximates a function arbitrarily well. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Ibrohim Nosirov , Jeffrey M. Hokanson

It has been proposed that random wide neural networks near Gaussian process are quantum field theories around Gaussian fixed points. In this paper, we provide a novel map with which a wide class of quantum mechanical systems can be cast…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-19 Koji Hashimoto , Yuji Hirono , Jun Maeda , Jojiro Totsuka-Yoshinaka

Estimating quantum entropies and divergences is an important problem in quantum physics, information theory, and machine learning. Quantum neural estimators (QNEs), which utilize a hybrid classical-quantum architecture, have recently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Sreejith Sreekumar , Ziv Goldfeld , Mark M. Wilde

The classical Universal Approximation Theorem holds for neural networks of arbitrary width and bounded depth. Here we consider the natural `dual' scenario for networks of bounded width and arbitrary depth. Precisely, let $n$ be the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Patrick Kidger , Terry Lyons

Compression is a key step to deploy large neural networks on resource-constrained platforms. As a popular compression technique, quantization constrains the number of distinct weight values and thus reducing the number of bits required to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Yukun Ding , Jinglan Liu , Jinjun Xiong , Yiyu Shi

While it is widely known that neural networks are universal approximators of continuous functions, a less known and perhaps more powerful result is that a neural network with a single hidden layer can approximate accurately any nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Lu Lu , Pengzhan Jin , George Em Karniadakis

At its core, machine learning seeks to train models that reliably generalize beyond noisy observations; however, the theoretical vacuum in which state-of-the-art universal approximation theorems (UATs) operate isolates them from this goal,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-03 Anastasis Kratsios , Tin Sum Cheng , Daniel Roy

The performance of a neural network for a given task is largely determined by the initial calibration of the network parameters. Yet, it has been shown that the calibration, also referred to as training, is generally NP-complete. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-21 Yidong Liao , Daniel Ebler , Feiyang Liu , Oscar Dahlsten

We study feedforward neural networks with inputs from a topological vector space (TVS-FNNs). Unlike traditional feedforward neural networks, TVS-FNNs can process a broader range of inputs, including sequences, matrices, functions and more.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Vugar Ismailov

Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs) are a promising variational learning paradigm with applications to near-term quantum processors, however they still face some significant challenges. One such challenge is finding good parameter initialization…

We study shallow and deep neural networks whose inputs range over a general topological space. The model is built from a prescribed family of continuous feature maps and reduces to multilayer feedforward networks in the Euclidean case. We…

General Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Vugar Ismailov

The classical limit of quantum mechanics, formally investigated through frameworks like strict deformation quantization, remains a profound area of inquiry in the philosophy of physics. This paper explores a computational approach employing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-16 Kamran Majid

Classical neural network approximation results take the form: for every function $f$ and every error tolerance $\epsilon > 0$, one constructs a neural network whose architecture and weights depend on $\epsilon$. This paper introduces a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Clemens Hutter , Valentin Abadie , Helmut Bölcskei

The development of quantum neural networks (QNNs) has attracted considerable attention due to their potential to surpass classical models in certain machine learning tasks. Nonetheless, it remains unclear under which conditions QNNs provide…

Universal approximation theorems establish the expressive capacity of neural network architectures. For dynamical systems, existing results are limited to finite time horizons or systems with a globally stable equilibrium, leaving…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-02-12 Abel Sagodi , Il Memming Park