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This tutorial describes challenges and possible avenues for the implementation of the components of a solid-state system, which emulates a biological brain. The tutorial is devoted mostly to a charge-based (i.e. electric controlled)…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 Javier del Valle , Juan Gabriel Ramírez , Marcelo J. Rozenberg , Ivan K. Schuller

Volatile threshold resistive switching and neuronal oscillations in phase-change materials, specifically those undergoing metal-to-insulator transitions, offer unique attributes such as fast and low-field volatile switching, tunability, and…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-07-08 Huandong Chen , Jayakanth Ravichandran

Event-based neuromorphic systems provide a low-power solution by using artificial neurons and synapses to process data asynchronously in the form of spikes. Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions (FTJs) are ultra low-power memory devices and are…

Brain-inspired neuromorphic computing which consist neurons and synapses, with an ability to perform complex information processing has unfolded a new paradigm of computing to overcome the von Neumann bottleneck. Electronic synaptic…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Dwipak Prasad Sahu , Prabana Jetty , S. Narayana Jammalamadaka

Design of hardware based on biological principles of neuronal computation and plasticity in the brain is a leading approach to realizing energy- and sample-efficient artificial intelligence and learning machines. An important factor in…

The magnetic skyrmion-based spin transfer nano-oscillators (STNO) are the potential candidates for next-generation microwave signal generator and has gained popularity due to their performance, integrability and compatibility with existing…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-06-09 Ravish Kumar Raj , Namita Bindal , Brajesh Kumar Kaushik

Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology has radically reshaped the world by taking humanity to the digital age. Cramming more transistors into the same physical space has enabled an exponential increase in computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 M. F. Gonzalez-Zalba , S. de Franceschi , E. Charbon , T. Meunier , M. Vinet , A. S. Dzurak

The practical applications based on recurrent spiking neurons are limited due to their non-trivial learning algorithms. The temporal nature of spiking neurons is more favorable for hardware implementation where signals can be represented in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2008-07-16 Arfan Ghani , Martin McGinnity , Liam Maguire , Jim Harkin

Due to many limitations of Von Neumann architecture such as speed, memory bandwidth, efficiency of global interconnects and increase in the application of artificial neural network, researchers have been pushed to look into alternative…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Harshit Roy , Mrigank Sharad

Coherent caloritronics, the thermal counterpart of coherent electronics, has drawn growing attention since the discovery of heat interference in 2012. Thermal interferometers, diodes, transistors and nano-valves have been theoretically…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-10-02 Federico Paolucci , Giampiero Marchegiani , Elia Strambini , Francesco Giazotto

Strongly confined NaVO$^+$ segregation and its thermo-responsive functionality at the interface between simple sputter-deposited amorphous vanadium oxide thin films and soda-lime glass was substantiated in the present study by in-situ…

Over the past decade Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) have emerged as one of the popular architectures to emulate the brain. In SNN, information is temporally encoded and communication between neurons is accomplished by means of spikes. In…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-12-14 Abhronil Sengupta , Aparajita Banerjee , Kaushik Roy

Infrared (IR) transmittance tunable metal-insulator conversion was demonstrated on glass substrate by using thermochromic vanadium dioxide (VO2) as the active layer in three-terminal thin-film-transistor-type device with water-infiltrated…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-09-19 Takayoshi Katase , Kenji Endo , Hiromichi Ohta

Reconfigurable memristors featuring neural and synaptic functions hold great potential for neuromorphic circuits by simplifying system architecture, cutting power consumption, and boosting computational efficiency. Their additive…

The precipitous rise of consumer network applications reiterates the urgency to redefine computing hardware with low power footprint. Neuromorphic computing utilizing correlated oxides offers an energy-efficient solution. By designing…

This paper introduces the first low-power hardware accelerator for Spiking Transformers, an emerging alternative to traditional artificial neural networks. By modifying the base Spikformer model to use IAND instead of residual addition, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Bo-Yu Chen , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Activation functions are widely used in neural networks to decide the activation value of the neural unit based upon linear combinations of the weighted inputs. The effective implementation of activation function is highly important, as…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Nursultan Kaiyrbekov , Olga Krestinskaya , Alex Pappachen James

Conventional neural structures tend to communicate through analog quantities such as currents or voltages, however, as CMOS devices shrink and supply voltages decrease, the dynamic range of voltage/current-domain analog circuits becomes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Xiangyu Chen , Zolboo Byambadorj , Takeaki Yajima , Hisashi Inoue , Isao H. Inoue , Tetsuya Iizuka

Neuromorphic electronics and spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer energy-efficient data processing, essential for real-time and edge-computing applications. In particular, interfacing and processing biological signals require devices that…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Nikita Prudnikov , Yeohoon Yoon , Hans Kleemann

Resistive switching is one of the key phenomena for applications such as nonvolatile memories or neuromorphic computing. V3O5, a compound of the vanadium oxide Magn\'eli series, is one of the rare materials to exhibit an insulator-metal…