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Fine-tuning Large Language Models with untrusted data exposes models to backdoor attacks, where poisoned samples cause targeted misbehavior. Existing sample-filtering defenses rely on clustering, which requires sufficient data and can fail…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Haodong Zhao , Tianyi Xu , Tianhang Zhao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

Training and fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) come with challenges related to memory and computational requirements due to the increasing size of the model weights and the optimizer states. Various techniques have been developed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yehonathan Refael , Jonathan Svirsky , Boris Shustin , Wasim Huleihel , Ofir Lindenbaum

With the growing attention on learning-to-learn new tasks using only a few examples, meta-learning has been widely used in numerous problems such as few-shot classification, reinforcement learning, and domain generalization. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Hung-Yu Tseng , Yi-Wen Chen , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Sifei Liu , Yen-Yu Lin , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Although widely adopted, existing approaches for fine-tuning pre-trained language models have been shown to be unstable across hyper-parameter settings, motivating recent work on trust region methods. In this paper, we present a simplified…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Armen Aghajanyan , Akshat Shrivastava , Anchit Gupta , Naman Goyal , Luke Zettlemoyer , Sonal Gupta

Sparse fine-tuning techniques adapt LLMs to downstream tasks by only tuning a sparse subset of model parameters. However, the effectiveness of sparse adaptation depends on optimally selecting the model parameters to be fine-tuned. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Anand Choudhary , Yasser Sulaıman , Lukas Mauch , Ghouthi Boukli Hacene , Fabien Cardinaux , Antoine Bosselut

We present a new paradigm for fine-tuning large-scale visionlanguage pre-trained models on downstream task, dubbed Prompt Regularization (ProReg). Different from traditional fine-tuning which easily overfits to the downstream task data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Beier Zhu , Yulei Niu , Saeil Lee , Minhoe Hur , Hanwang Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in natural language processing tasks, yet their massive size makes serving them inefficient and costly. Semi-structured pruning has emerged as an effective method for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Hongyi Liu , Rajarshi Saha , Zhen Jia , Youngsuk Park , Jiaji Huang , Shoham Sabach , Yu-Xiang Wang , George Karypis

The advent of parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods has significantly reduced the computational burden of adapting large-scale pretrained models to diverse downstream tasks. However, existing approaches often struggle to achieve robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Haotian Zhang , Liu Liu , Baosheng Yu , Jiayan Qiu , Yanwei Ren , Xianglong Liu

We employ constraints to control the parameter space of deep neural networks throughout training. The use of customized, appropriately designed constraints can reduce the vanishing/exploding gradients problem, improve smoothness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Benedict Leimkuhler , Tiffany Vlaar , Timothée Pouchon , Amos Storkey

Deep learning models have been extensively adopted in various regions due to their ability to represent hierarchical features, which highly rely on the training set and procedures. Thus, protecting the training process and deep learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Haodi Wang , Tangyu Jiang , Yu Guo , Chengjun Cai , Cong Wang , Xiaohua Jia

The objective of machine unlearning (MU) is to eliminate previously learned data from a model. However, it is challenging to strike a balance between computation cost and performance when using existing MU techniques. Taking inspiration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Zonglin Di , Zhaowei Zhu , Jinghan Jia , Jiancheng Liu , Zafar Takhirov , Bo Jiang , Yuanshun Yao , Sijia Liu , Yang Liu

As deep learning models and datasets rapidly scale up, network training is extremely time-consuming and resource-costly. Instead of training on the entire dataset, learning with a small synthetic dataset becomes an efficient solution.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Zixuan Jiang , Jiaqi Gu , Mingjie Liu , David Z. Pan

Pre-trained language models (PrLM) have to carefully manage input units when training on a very large text with a vocabulary consisting of millions of words. Previous works have shown that incorporating span-level information over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Rongzhou Bao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

We introduce a general method for improving the convergence rate of gradient-based optimizers that is easy to implement and works well in practice. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in a range of optimization problems by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Atilim Gunes Baydin , Robert Cornish , David Martinez Rubio , Mark Schmidt , Frank Wood

Distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with gradient compression has become a popular communication-efficient solution for accelerating distributed learning. One commonly used method for gradient compression is Top-K sparsification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Mengzhe Ruan , Guangfeng Yan , Yuanzhang Xiao , Linqi Song , Weitao Xu

Unstructured pruning reduces the memory footprint in deep neural networks (DNNs). Recently, researchers proposed different types of structural pruning intending to reduce also the computation complexity. In this work, we first suggest a new…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Itay Hubara , Brian Chmiel , Moshe Island , Ron Banner , Seffi Naor , Daniel Soudry

Adapting pre-trained text Large Language Models (LLMs) into Speech Language Models (Speech LMs) via continual pretraining on speech data is promising, but often degrades the original text capabilities. We propose Multimodal Depth Upscaling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Kazuki Yano , Jun Suzuki , Shinji Watanabe

Recently, sparse training has emerged as a promising paradigm for efficient deep learning on edge devices. The current research mainly devotes efforts to reducing training costs by further increasing model sparsity. However, increasing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Geng Yuan , Yanyu Li , Sheng Li , Zhenglun Kong , Sergey Tulyakov , Xulong Tang , Yanzhi Wang , Jian Ren

Large Language Models increasingly possess capabilities that carry dual-use risks. While data filtering has emerged as a pretraining-time mitigation, it faces significant challenges: labeling whether data is harmful is expensive at scale,…

Sequence-to-sequence models usually transfer all encoder outputs to the decoder for generation. In this work, by contrast, we hypothesize that these encoder outputs can be compressed to shorten the sequence delivered for decoding. We take…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Biao Zhang , Ivan Titov , Rico Sennrich