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Modern power systems increasingly demand converter-driven generation systems that integrate seamlessly with grid infrastructure. Grid-based converters are particularly advantageous, as they operate in harmony with conventional synchronous…
To address the frequency stability challenges posed by the rising penetration of power electronics in power systems, HVDC-connected offshore wind power plants (OWPPs) are increasingly expected to provide inertial response and frequency…
This paper presents the experimental validation of a grid-aware real-time control method for hybrid AC/DC microgrids. The optimal control is leveraged by the voltage sensitivity coefficients (SC) that are computed analytically using the…
This paper develops a nonlinear grid-forming (GFM) controller with provable voltage-formation guarantees, with over-current limiting enforced via a control-barrier-function (CBF)-based safety filter. The nominal controller follows a…
The frequency stability of a power system is of paramount importance, as a fast frequency swings in the system can lead to oscillatory instability, and thereby blackouts. A grid-connected microgrid, that can operate in the islanded mode can…
With the emergence of low-inertia microgrids powered by inverter-based generation, there remains a concern about the operational resilience of these systems. Grid-forming inverters (GFMs), enabled by various device-level (primary) and…
Voltage support capability is critical for grid-forming (GFM) inverters with current-limiting control (CLC) during grid faults. Despite the findings on the voltage support for symmetrical grid faults, its applicability to more common but…
We consider the problem of grid-forming control of power converters in low-inertia power systems. Starting from an average-switch three-phase inverter model, we draw parallels to a synchronous machine (SM) model and propose a novel…
An inevitable consequence of the global power system transition towards nearly 100% renewable-based generation is the loss of conventional bulk generation by synchronous machines, their inertia, and accompanying frequency and voltage…
We present a hardware-based validation of angular droop control for grid-forming DC/AC converters, a control strategy that establishes active power-to-angle droop. Angular droop control enables exact frequency regulation at steady state,…
A multi-input multi-output based grid-forming (MIMO-GFM) converter has been proposed using multivariable feedback control, which has been proven as a superior and robust system using low-order controllers. However, the original MIMO-GFM…
This article proposes a "cross-forming" control concept for grid-forming inverters operating against grid faults. Cross-forming refers to voltage angle forming and current magnitude forming. It differs from classical grid-forming and…
This paper presents an extensive framework focused on the control design, along with stability and performance analysis, of Grid-Following Inverters (GFL). It aims to ensure their effective operation under both stiff and weak grid…
High penetration of wind power with conventional grid following controls for inverter-based wind turbine generators (WTGs) weakens the power grid, challenging the power system stability. Grid-forming (GFM) controls are emerging technologies…
A unified virtual oscillator controller (uVOC) is proposed, which enables a unified analysis, design, and implementation framework for both grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) voltage source converters (VSCs). Oscillator based GFM…
This work establishes the equivalence of selected grid-forming control algorithms within the context of simplified theoretical models. Considered algorithms are droop control, Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM) and matching control. It is…
Recent research has shown that operating grid-connected converters using the grid-forming vector current control (GFVCC) scheme offers significant benefits, including the simplicity and modularity of the control architecture, as well as…
This paper employs modal analysis to study the core inertial dynamics of governor-controlled synchronous generators (GC-SG), droop-based grid-forming (GFM) converters, and their most fundamental interactions. The results indicate that even…
With the development of renewable energy sources, power systems are gradually evolving into a system comprising both grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) converters. However, the dynamic interaction between the two types of…
Voltage regulation under conventional grid-forming controllers is tightly coupled to power sharing and dc-link dynamics. Consequently, its tracking accuracy deteriorates during grid faults, sudden power sharing changes, or dc-bus voltage…