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Related papers: Grid-Forming Hybrid Angle Control: Behavior, Stabi…

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The classic design of grid-forming control strategies for power converters rely on the stringent assumption of the timescale separation between DC and AC states and their corresponding control loops, e.g., AC and DC loops, power and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-05 Meng Chen , Dao Zhou , Ali Tayyebi , Eduardo Prieto-Araujo , Florian Dörfler , Frede Blaabjerg

Grid-forming (GFM) converters face significant challenges in limiting current during transient grid events while preserving their grid-forming behavior. This paper offers an elegant solution to the problem with a priori guarantees,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-14 Michael Schneeberger , Silvia Mastellone , Florian Dörfler

This article introduces two control frameworks: one for Grid-Following (GFL) inverters aiding Grid-Forming (GFM) inverters in voltage regulation during large contingency events and optimizing power transactions under normal conditions; and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-25 Jaesang Park , Alireza Askarian , Srinivasa Salapaka

Grid-forming (GFM) converter is deemed as one enabler for high penetration of renewable energy resources in power system. However, as will be pointed out in this letter, the conventional power-to-frequency (P-f) GFM control will face a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-10 Chu Sun

This letter proposes a dual model for grid-forming (GFM) controlled converters. The model is inspired from the observation that the structures of the active and reactive power equations of lossy synchronous machine models are almost…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-12 Federico Milano

In this work, we investigate grid-forming (GFM) control for dc/ac voltage source converters (VSC) under unbalanced system conditions and unbalanced faults. To fully leverage the degrees of freedom of VSCs, we introduce the concept of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-31 Prajwal Bhagwat , Dominic Groß

DC microgrids are converter-based electrical networks that are increasingly being used in various applications, including data centers and industrial distribution systems. A central challenge in their operation is maintaining the DC-bus…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Jovan Krajacic , Ognjen Stanojev , Mario Schweizer , Orcun Karaca , Gabriela Hug , Vladan Lazarević

This paper explores the stability of nonsynchronous hybrid ac/dc power grids under the grid-forming hybrid angle control strategy. We formulate dynamical models for the ac grids and transmission lines, interlinking converters, and dc…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-24 Ali Tayyebi , Florian Dörfler

Present grid infrastructure is unprepared for the wide-scale integration of electric vehicles (EVs). Real-time grid simulation and hardware testing are necessary for the fast and accurate development of EV charging control strategies that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-03 Calvin Flack , Emin Ucer , Charles Parker Smith , Mithat Kisacikoglu

Future power systems will include high shares of inverter-based generation. There is a general consensus that for allowing this transition, the Grid-Forming (GFM) control approach would be of great value. This article presents a GFM control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-08 Julian Freytes , Antoine Rossé , Valentin Costan , Grégoire Prime

This paper considers the control of AC-AC inter-linking converters (ILCs) in a multi-grid network. We overview the control schemes in the literature and propose a passivity framework for the stabilization of multi-grid networks, considering…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-09 Jeremy Watson , Ioannis Lestas

Grid-forming (GFM) capability requirements are increasingly imposed on grid-connected voltage-source converters (VSCs). Under large grid disturbances, GFM-VSCs need to remain stable while providing GFM services. Yet, such objectives, as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-24 Heng Wu , Xiongfei Wang

An inevitable consequence of the global power system transition towards nearly 100% renewable-based generation is the loss of conventional bulk generation by synchronous machines, their inertia, and accompanying frequency and voltage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-10 Ali Tayyebi , Dominic Groß , Adolfo Anta , Friederich Kupzog , Florian Dörfler

This paper investigates power swing characteristics of grid-forming voltage source converter (GFM-VSC) systems considering the current limitation mode in both non-inertial and inertial GFM-VSC systems. Following grid faults, non-inertial…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-17 Yongxin Xiong , Heng Wu , Yifei Li , Xiongfei Wang

This letter presents a comprehensive analysis of the stability phenomenon related to the ability of generators to remain in synchronism when subjected to small or large disturbances, in power systems with both synchronous machines and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Régulo E. Ávila-Martínez , Javier Renedo , Luis Rouco , Aurelio Garcia-Cerrada , Lukas Sigrist

The converter control functions to provide the capabilities similar to synchronous generators are referred to as grid forming converters (GFC). Identical to a synchronous machine, a grid forming converter is expected to behave as a voltage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-21 Kanakesh Vatta Kkuni , Sibin Mohan , Guangya Yang , Wilsun Xu

In this paper, we propose a harmonic-model based control approach for the three-phase grid-tied AC-DC converter. We derive a nonlinear harmonic domain model and demonstrate its efficacy in designing harmonic control with global stability…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Maxime Grosso , Pierre Riedinger , Jamal Daafouz , Serge Pierfederici , Hicham Janati-Idrissi , Blaise Lapôtre

This work develops a constraint-aware grid-forming (GFM) control that explicitly accounts for current limits and modulation limits within the GFM oscillator dynamics generating the GFM voltage reference (i.e., phase angle and magnitude).…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Dominic Groß

We analyze a dual-port grid-forming (GFM) control for power systems containing ac and dc transmission, converter-interfaced generation and energy storage, and legacy generation. To operate such a system and provide standard services,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Irina Subotić , and Dominic Groß

The modern power system features high penetration of power converters due to the development of renewables, HVDC, etc. Currently, the controller design and parameter tuning of power converters heavily rely on rich engineering experience and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-12 Linbin Huang , Huanhai Xin , Florian Dörfler