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In light of NANOGrav data we provide for the first time possible observational signatures of Superstring theory. Firstly, we work with inflection-point inflationary potentials naturally realised within Wess-Zumino type no-scale…

We propose a new probe of primordial non-Gaussianities (NGs) through the observation of gravitational waves (GWs) induced by ultra-light ($M_{\text{PBH}}< 10^{9}\rm{g}$) primordial black holes (PBHs). Interestingly enough, the existence of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-02 Theodoros Papanikolaou , Xin-Chen He , Xiao-Han Ma , Yi-Fu Cai , Emmanuel N. Saridakis , Misao Sasaki

The no-scale flipped SU(5) superstring framework constitutes a very promising paradigm for physics below the Planck scale providing us with a very rich cosmological phenomenology in accordance with observations. In particular, it can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-08 Spyros Basilakos , Dimitri V. Nanopoulos , Theodoros Papanikolaou , Emmanuel N. Saridakis , Charalampos Tzerefos

Parametric resonance in a single-field inflationary model with a periodic structure on the potential gives rise to curvature perturbations with large amplitudes on small scales, which could result in observable primordial black holes (PBHs)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-02 Zhi-Zhang Peng , Chengjie Fu , Jing Liu , Zong-Kuan Guo , Rong-Gen Cai

Evidence of a gravitational wave (GW) signal has emerged in pulsar timing array (PTA) data, opening a new window into the nanoHz GW Universe. We explore the physics of GW signals potentially explaining the data, with a primary focus on GW…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-04 Alberto Sesana , Daniel G. Figueroa

We study the non-Gaussianity and secondary Gravitational Waves (GWs) in the process of the Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) production from inflation. In our work, we focus on the $\alpha$-attractor inflation model in which a tiny bump in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-31 Kazem Rezazadeh , Zeinab Teimoori , Saeid Karimi , Kayoomars Karami

We study whether the signal seen by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) may originate from gravitational waves (GWs) induced by large primordial perturbations. Such perturbations may be accompanied by a sizeable primordial black hole (PBH)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-16 Gabriele Franciolini , Antonio Junior Iovino , Ville Vaskonen , Hardi Veermae

The formation of primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter and the generation of scalar induced secondary gravitational waves (SIGWs) have been studied in the generic no-scale supergravity inflationary models. By adding an exponential term to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-30 Lina Wu , Yungui Gong , Tianjun Li

Recently, the NANOGrav collaboration has reported evidence for a common-spectrum stochastic process, which might be interpreted as the first ever detection of stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background. We discuss the possibility of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-30 Sukannya Bhattacharya , Subhendra Mohanty , Priyank Parashari

Recently, strong evidence for a gravitational wave background has been reported by collaborations of pulsar timing arrays (PTA). In the framework of scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs), we concurrently investigate the second and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-28 Sai Wang , Zhi-Chao Zhao , Qing-Hua Zhu

Recently, the worldwide Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations detected a stochastic gravitational wave(GW) background in the nanohertz range, which may originate from the early universe's inflationary phase. So in this work, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-22 Peng-Bo Chen , Tie-Jun Gao

A transient violation of the null energy condition (NEC) during inflation provides a novel mechanism for producing primordial black holes (PBHs) and stochastic gravitational wave (GW) backgrounds. In this work, we extend previous studies by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-19 Dong-Hui Yu , Jia-Zuo Zhang , Yong Cai

Several pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments such as NANOGrav and PPTA recently reported evidence of a gravitational wave (GW) background at nano-Hz frequency band. This signal can originate from scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGW)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-04 Junsong Cang , Yu Gao , Yiming Liu , Sichun Sun

The evidence of the stochastic gravitational-wave background around the nano-hertz frequency range was recently found by worldwide pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations. One of the cosmological explanations is the gravitational waves…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-27 Keisuke Harigaya , Keisuke Inomata , Takahiro Terada

Recently, the NANOGrav, PPTA, EPTA, and CPTA collaborations independently reported their evidence of the Stochastic Gravitational Waves Background (SGWB). While the inferred gravitational-wave background amplitude and spectrum are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-21 Yi-Fu Cai , Xin-Chen He , Xiao-Han Ma , Sheng-Feng Yan , Guan-Wen Yuan

As potential candidates of dark matter, primordial black holes (PBHs) are within the core scopes of various astronomical observations. In light of the explosive development of gravitational wave (GW) and radio astronomy, we thoroughly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-23 Yi-Fu Cai , Chao Chen , Xi Tong , Dong-Gang Wang , Sheng-Feng Yan

We investigate features of Gravitational Waves (GWs) induced by primordial density fluctuations with a large amplitude peak associated with formation of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs). It is shown that the spectrum of induced GW is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-06 Ryo Saito , Jun'ichi Yokoyama

This thesis focuses on gravitational waves (GWs) that arise beyond linear order in cosmological perturbation theory. In recent years, scalar-induced GWs have attracted significant attention because they may serve as the observational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-13 Raphael Picard

The evidence of the nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background is reported by multiple pulsar timing array collaborations. While a prominent candidate of the origin is astrophysical from supermassive black hole binaries,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-06 Katsuya T. Abe , Yuichiro Tada
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