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Generative adversarial networks (GANs) learn a target probability distribution by optimizing a generator and a discriminator with minimax objectives. This paper addresses the question of whether such optimization actually provides the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Yuhta Takida , Masaaki Imaizumi , Takashi Shibuya , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Toshimitsu Uesaka , Naoki Murata , Yuki Mitsufuji

A rich set of interpretable dimensions has been shown to emerge in the latent space of the Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) trained for synthesizing images. In order to identify such latent dimensions for image editing, previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Yujun Shen , Bolei Zhou

We present variational generative adversarial networks, a general learning framework that combines a variational auto-encoder with a generative adversarial network, for synthesizing images in fine-grained categories, such as faces of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Jianmin Bao , Dong Chen , Fang Wen , Houqiang Li , Gang Hua

Autoencoder (AE) is the key to the success of latent diffusion models for image and video generation, reducing the denoising resolution and improving efficiency. However, the power of AE has long been underexplored in terms of network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Yushu Wu , Yanyu Li , Ivan Skorokhodov , Anil Kag , Willi Menapace , Sharath Girish , Aliaksandr Siarohin , Yanzhi Wang , Sergey Tulyakov

In the era of generative AI, deep generative models (DGMs) with latent representations have gained tremendous popularity. Despite their impressive empirical performance, the statistical properties of these models remain underexplored. DGMs…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-07 Seunghyun Lee , Yuqi Gu

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are capable of producing high quality image samples. However, unlike variational autoencoders (VAEs), GANs lack encoders that provide the inverse mapping for the generators, i.e., encode images back to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-20 Paul K. Rubenstein , Yunpeng Li , Dominik Roblek

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have emerged as a powerful unsupervised method to model the statistical patterns of real-world data sets, such as natural images. These networks are trained to map random inputs in their latent space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Binxu Wang , Carlos R. Ponce

Existing video tokenizers typically use the traditional Variational Autoencoder (VAE) architecture for video compression and reconstruction. However, to achieve good performance, its training process often relies on complex multi-stage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Nianzu Yang , Pandeng Li , Liming Zhao , Yang Li , Chen-Wei Xie , Yehui Tang , Xudong Lu , Zhihang Liu , Yun Zheng , Yu Liu , Junchi Yan

Modeling the time-dependent evolution of electron density is essential for understanding quantum mechanical behaviors of condensed matter and enabling predictive simulations in spectroscopy, photochemistry, and ultrafast science. Yet, while…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Yuan Chiang , Youngsoo Choi , Daniel Osei-Kuffuor

Generative adversarial networks (GANs), a class of distribution-learning methods based on a two-player game between a generator and a discriminator, can generally be formulated as a minmax problem based on the variational representation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Jeremiah Birrell , Markos A. Katsoulakis , Luc Rey-Bellet , Wei Zhu

In the last few years there have been important advancements in generative models with the two dominant approaches being Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs). However, standard Autoencoders (AEs) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Massimiliano Patacchiola , Patrick Fox-Roberts , Edward Rosten

In this work, we propose the Generative Latent Flow (GLF), an algorithm for generative modeling of the data distribution. GLF uses an Auto-encoder (AE) to learn latent representations of the data, and a normalizing flow to map the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Zhisheng Xiao , Qing Yan , Yali Amit

This study addresses the challenge of statistically extracting generative factors from complex, high-dimensional datasets in unsupervised or semi-supervised settings. We investigate encoder-decoder-based generative models for nonlinear…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-02 Arkaprabha Ganguli , Nesar Ramachandra , Julie Bessac , Emil Constantinescu

Many real-world classification problems have imbalanced frequency of class labels; a well-known issue known as the "class imbalance" problem. Classic classification algorithms tend to be biased towards the majority class, leaving the…

We propose a new approach to train the Generative Adversarial Nets (GANs) with a mixture of generators to overcome the mode collapsing problem. The main intuition is to employ multiple generators, instead of using a single one as in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Quan Hoang , Tu Dinh Nguyen , Trung Le , Dinh Phung

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can achieve state-of-the-art sample quality in generative modelling tasks but suffer from the mode collapse problem. Variational Autoencoders (VAE) on the other hand explicitly maximize a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Apratim Bhattacharyya , Mario Fritz , Bernt Schiele

Semi-supervised learning is sought for leveraging the unlabelled data when labelled data is difficult or expensive to acquire. Deep generative models (e.g., Variational Autoencoder (VAE)) and semisupervised Generative Adversarial Networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Xiang Zhang , Lina Yao , Feng Yuan

In recent years, Generative Adversarial Networks have become ubiquitous in both research and public perception, but how GANs convert an unstructured latent code to a high quality output is still an open question. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Lucy Chai , Jonas Wulff , Phillip Isola

In the majority of GAN architectures, the latent space is defined as a set of vectors of given dimensionality. Such representations are not easily interpretable and do not capture spatial information of image content directly. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Maciej Sypetkowski

In this paper, we study the generative models of sequential discrete data. To tackle the exposure bias problem inherent in maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), generative adversarial networks (GANs) are introduced to penalize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Sidi Lu , Lantao Yu , Siyuan Feng , Yaoming Zhu , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu