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The latent space of generative modeling is long dominated by the VAE encoder. The latents from the pretrained representation encoders (e.g., DINO, SigLIP, MAE) are previously considered inappropriate for generative modeling. Recently, RAE…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Hu Yu , Hang Xu , Jie Huang , Zeyue Xue , Haoyang Huang , Nan Duan , Feng Zhao

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are powerful generative models that achieved strong results, mainly in the image domain. However, the training of GANs is not trivial, presenting some challenges tackled by different strategies.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Victor Costa , Nuno Lourenço , João Correia , Penousal Machado

Deep generative models provide a systematic way to learn nonlinear data distributions, through a set of latent variables and a nonlinear "generator" function that maps latent points into the input space. The nonlinearity of the generator…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-14 Georgios Arvanitidis , Lars Kai Hansen , Søren Hauberg

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are proficient at generating synthetic data but continue to suffer from mode collapse, where the generator produces a narrow range of outputs that fool the discriminator but fail to capture the full…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Mahsa Valizadeh , Rui Tuo , James Caverlee

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have shown remarkable success in generation of data from natural data manifolds such as images. In several scenarios, it is desirable that generated data is well-clustered, especially when there is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Deepak Mishra , Aravind Jayendran , Prathosh A. P

A generative adversarial network (GAN) has been a representative backbone model in generative artificial intelligence (AI) because of its powerful performance in capturing intricate data-generating processes. However, the GAN training is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-21 Jinwon Sohn , Qifan Song

Recent progress in Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) relies on efficient data representations, often featuring encoder-decoder architectures. We formalize the mathematical problem of finding the optimal encoder-decoder pair and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Semyon Malamud , Teng Andrea Xu , Antoine Didisheim

Mapping data from and/or onto a known family of distributions has become an important topic in machine learning and data analysis. Deep generative models (e.g., generative adversarial networks ) have been used effectively to match known and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Surojit Saha , Shireen Elhabian , Ross T. Whitaker

Allowing effective inference of latent vectors while training GANs can greatly increase their applicability in various downstream tasks. Recent approaches, such as ALI and BiGAN frameworks, develop methods of inference of latent variables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Yatin Dandi , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Abhishek Kumar , Piyush Rai

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) learn a deep generative model that is able to synthesise novel, high-dimensional data samples. New data samples are synthesised by passing latent samples, drawn from a chosen prior distribution,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-16 Antonia Creswell , Anil A Bharath

Generative models based on latent variables, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs) and variational auto-encoders (VAEs), have gained lots of interests due to their impressive performance in many fields. However, many data such as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-30 Yixuan Qiu , Qingyi Gao , Xiao Wang

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have proven effective in modeling distributions of high-dimensional data. However, their training instability is a well-known hindrance to convergence, which results in practical challenges in their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Alessandro Ferrero , Shireen Elhabian , Ross Whitaker

Recent advances in generative modeling, namely Diffusion models, have revolutionized generative modeling, enabling high-quality image generation tailored to user needs. This paper proposes a framework for the generative design of structural…

Despite the success of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), their training suffers from several well-known problems, including mode collapse and difficulties learning a disconnected set of manifolds. In this paper, we break down the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Mohammadreza Armandpour , Ali Sadeghian , Chunyuan Li , Mingyuan Zhou

Diffusion autoencoders (DAs) are variants of diffusion generative models that use an input-dependent latent variable to capture representations alongside the diffusion process. These representations, to varying extents, can be used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Magdalena Proszewska , Nikolay Malkin , N. Siddharth

Training effective Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) requires large amounts of training data, without which the trained models are usually sub-optimal with discriminator over-fitting. Several prior studies address this issue by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Kaiwen Cui , Jiaxing Huang , Zhipeng Luo , Gongjie Zhang , Fangneng Zhan , Shijian Lu

Deep generative models provide powerful tools for distributions over complicated manifolds, such as those of natural images. But many of these methods, including generative adversarial networks (GANs), can be difficult to train, in part…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-08 Akash Srivastava , Lazar Valkov , Chris Russell , Michael U. Gutmann , Charles Sutton

Applying generative adversarial networks (GANs) to text-related tasks is challenging due to the discrete nature of language. One line of research resolves this issue by employing reinforcement learning (RL) and optimizing the next-word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Yanghoon Kim , Seungpil Won , Seunghyun Yoon , Kyomin Jung

Latent diffusion models have emerged as the dominant framework for high-fidelity and efficient image generation, owing to their ability to learn diffusion processes in compact latent spaces. However, while previous research has focused…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Qifan Li , Xingyu Zhou , Jinhua Zhang , Weiyi You , Shuhang Gu

We propose a novel modular inference approach combining two different generative models -- generative adversarial networks (GAN) and normalizing flows -- to approximate the posterior distribution of physics-based Bayesian inverse problems…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Agnimitra Dasgupta , Dhruv V Patel , Deep Ray , Erik A Johnson , Assad A Oberai