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Related papers: GRB 221009A with an unconventional precursor: a ty…

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GRB~221009A has been the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed to date, and its afterglow has been characterised with unprecedented detail at TeV energies by LHAASO. Quite puzzlingly, it is also the most energetic GRB known. Among the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-21 O. S. Salafia , A. Celotti , E. Sobacchi , L. Nava , G. Oganesyan , G. Ghirlanda , S. Boula , M. E. Ravasio , G. Ghisellini

Long-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are an extremely rare outcome of the collapse of massive stars, and are typically found in the distant Universe. Because of its intrinsic luminosity ($L\sim 3 \times 10^{53}$ erg s$^{-1}$) and its…

GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed to date. Extensive observations of its afterglow emission across the electromagnetic spectrum were performed, providing the first strong evidence of a jet with a nontrivial angular…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-11 LST Collaboration , K. Abe , S. Abe , A. Abhishek , F. Acero , A. Aguasca-Cabot , I. Agudo , C. Alispach , D. Ambrosino , F. Ambrosino , L. A. Antonelli , C. Aramo , A. Arbet-Engels , C. Arcaro , T. T. H. Arnesen , K. Asano , P. Aubert , A. Baktash , M. Balbo , A. Bamba , A. Baquero Larriva , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , L. Barrios Jiménez , I. Batkovic , J. Baxter , J. Becerra González , E. Bernardini , J. Bernete , A. Berti , I. Bezshyiko , C. Bigongiari , E. Bissaldi , O. Blanch , G. Bonnoli , P. Bordas , G. Borkowski , G. Brunelli , A. Bulgarelli , M. Bunse , I. Burelli , L. Burmistrov , M. Cardillo , S. Caroff , A. Carosi , R. Carraro , M. S. Carrasco , F. Cassol , D. Cerasole , G. Ceribella , A. Cerviño Cortínez , Y. Chai , K. Cheng , A. Chiavassa , M. Chikawa , G. Chon , L. Chytka , G. M. Cicciari , A. Cifuentes , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , H. Costantini , M. Dalchenko , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , M. de Bony de Lavergne , R. Del Burgo , C. Delgado , J. Delgado Mengual , M. Dellaiera , D. della Volpe , B. De Lotto , L. Del Peral , R. de Menezes , G. De Palma , C. Díaz , A. Di Piano , F. Di Pierro , R. Di Tria , L. Di Venere , R. M. Dominik , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , L. Eisenberger , D. Elsässer , G. Emery , J. Escudero , V. Fallah Ramazani , F. Ferrarotto , A. Fiasson , L. Foffano , F. Frías García-Lago , S. Fröse , Y. Fukazawa , S. Gallozzi , R. Garcia López , S. Garcia Soto , C. Gasbarra , D. Gasparrini , D. Geyer , J. Giesbrecht Paiva , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , N. Godinovic , T. Gradetzke , R. Grau , D. Green , J. Green , S. Gunji , P. Günther , J. Hackfeld , D. Hadasch , A. Hahn , M. Hashizume , T. Hassan , K. Hayashi , L. Heckmann , M. Heller , J. Herrera Llorente , K. Hirotani , D. Hoffmann , D. Horns , J. Houles , M. Hrabovsky , D. Hrupec , D. Hui , M. Iarlori , R. Imazawa , T. Inada , Y. Inome , S. Inoue , K. Ioka , M. Iori , T. Itokawa , A. Iuliano , J. Jahanvi , I. Jimenez Martinez , J. Jimenez Quiles , I. Jorge Rodrigo , J. Jurysek , M. Kagaya , O. Kalashev , V. Karas , H. Katagiri , D. Kerszberg , T. Kiyomot , Y. Kobayashi , K. Kohri , A. Kong , P. Kornecki , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , B. Lacave , M. Lainez , G. Lamanna , A. Lamastra , L. Lemoigne , M. Linhoff , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , R. López-Coto , M. López-Moya , A. López-Oramas , S. Loporchio , A. Lorini , J. Lozano Bahilo , F. Lucarelli , H. Luciani , P. L. Luque-Escamilla , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , M. Mallamaci , D. Mandat , M. Manganaro , D. K. Maniadakis , G. Manicò , K. Mannheim , S. Marchesi , F. Marini , M. Mariotti , P. Marquez , G. Marsella , J. Martí , O. Martinez , G. Martínez , M. Martínez , A. Mas-Aguilar , M. Massa , G. Maurin , D. Mazin , J. Méndez-Gallego , S. Menon , E. Mestre Guillen , D. Miceli , T. Miener , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , M. Mizote , T. Mizuno , M. Molero Gonzalez , E. Molina , T. Montaruli , A. Moralejo , D. Morcuende , A. Moreno Ramos , A. Morselli , V. Moya , H. Muraishi , S. Nagataki , T. Nakamori , A. Neronov , D. Nieto Castaño , M. Nievas Rosillo , L. Nikolic , K. Nishijima , K. Noda , D. Nosek , V. Novotny , S. Nozaki , M. Ohishi , Y. Ohtani , T. Oka , A. Okumura , R. Orito , L. Orsini , J. Otero-Santos , P. Ottanelli , M. Palatiello , G. Panebianco , D. Paneque , F. R. Pantaleo , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , M. Pech , M. Pecimotika , M. Peresano , F. Pfeifle , E. Pietropaolo , M. Pihet , G. Pirola , C. Plard , F. Podobnik , M. Polo , E. Prandini , M. Prouza , S. Rainò , R. Rando , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , V. Rizi , G. Rodriguez Fernandez , M. D. Rodríguez Frías , P. Romano , A. Roy , A. Ruina , E. Ruiz-Velasco , T. Saito , S. Sakurai , D. A. Sanchez , H. Sano , T. Šarić , Y. Sato , F. G. Saturni , V. Savchenko , F. Schiavone , B. Schleicher , F. Schmuckermaier , J. L. Schubert , F. Schussler , T. Schweizer , M. Seglar Arroyo , T. Siegert , G. Silvestri , A. Simongini , J. Sitarek , V. Sliusar , A. Stamerra , J. Strišković , M. Strzys , Y. Suda , A. Sunny , H. Tajima , M. Takahashi , J. Takata , R. Takeishi , P. H. T. Tam , S. J. Tanaka , D. Tateishi , T. Tavernier , P. Temnikov , Y. Terada , K. Terauchi , T. Terzic , M. Teshima , M. Tluczykont , F. Tokanai , T. Tomura , D. F. Torres , F. Tramonti , P. Travnicek , G. Tripodo , A. Tutone , M. Vacula , J. van Scherpenberg , M. Vázquez Acosta , S. Ventura , S. Vercellone , G. Verna , I. Viale , A. Vigliano , C. F. Vigorito , E. Visentin , V. Vitale , V. Voitsekhovskyi , G. Voutsinas , I. Vovk , T. Vuillaume , R. Walter , L. Wan , M. Will , J. Wójtowicz , T. Yamamoto , R. Yamazaki , Y. Yao , P. K. H. Yeung , T. Yoshida , T. Yoshikoshi , W. Zhang

Recent LHAASO observations of the prompt emission phase of the brightest-of-all-time GRB 221009A imposes a stringent limit on the flux ratio between the TeV and MeV emissions, $F_{\rm TeV}/F_{\rm MeV}\le 2\times10^{-5}$, during the period…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-21 Cui-Yuan Dai , Xiang-Yu Wang , Ruo-Yu Liu , Bing Zhang

Type I gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to originate from compact binary merger usually with duration less than 2 seconds for the main emission. However, recent observations of GRB 211211A and GRB 230307A indicate that some…

The second brightest GRB in history, GRB230307A, provides an ideal laboratory to study the mechanism of GRB prompt emission thanks to its extraordinarily high photon statistics and its single episode activity. Here we demonstrate that the…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most electromagnetically luminous cosmic explosions. They are powered by collimated streams of plasma (jets) ejected by a newborn stellar-mass black hole or neutron star at relativistic velocities (near the…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the most energetic transients in the Universe, are traditionally classified into long-duration ($T_{90}>2$ s) and short-duration ($T_{90}<2$ s) events, associated with the core collapse of massive stars (Type II)…

Context: The extreme luminosity of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) makes them powerful beacons for studies of the distant Universe. The most luminous bursts are typically detected at moderate/high redshift, where the volume for seeing such rare…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) originate from explosions at cosmological distances, generating collimated jets. GRB 221009A, exploded on 9 October 2022, has been established as the brightest GRB to date. Its bright and long emission was…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-30 Arnau Aguasca-Cabot , Susumu Inoue , Monica Seglar-Arroyo , Kenta Terauchi , Pol Bordas , Marc Ribó

As the brightest gamma-ray burst ever observed, GRB 221009A provided a precious opportunity to explore spectral line features. In this paper, we performed a comprehensive spectroscopy analysis of GRB 221009A jointly with GECAM-C and…

GRB 211211A is a peculiar long Gamma-ray burst (GRB) with very high brightness and short burst properties. It's full lightcurve consists of three emission episodes, i.e. a precursor, a main burst and a extended emission. We find a recently…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-30 Zhao-Yang Peng , Jia-Ming Chen , Jirong Mao

Ultrarelativistic jets are believed to play an important role in producing prompt emission and afterglow of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), but the nature of the jet is poorly known owing to the lack of decisive features observed in the prompt…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-25 Zhen Zhang , Haoxiang Lin , Zhuo Li , Shao-Lin Xiong , Yan-Qiu Zhang , Qinyuan Zhang , Shu-Xu Yi , Xilu Wang

Recently, the B.O.A.T. ("brightest of all time") gamma-ray burst, dubbed GRB 221009A, was detected by various instruments. Unprecedentedly, the GRB presented very-high-energy (VHE, energy above 0.1 TeV) gamma-ray emission with energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-30 Kai Wang , Zhi-Peng Ma , Ruo-Yu Liu , Yuan-Chuan Zou , Zhuo Li , Zi-Gao Dai

Recently, GRB 221009A, known as the brightest of all time (BOAT), has been observed across an astounding range of $\sim 18$ orders of magnitude in energy, spanning from radio to VHE bands. Notably, the Large High Altitude Air Shower…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-22 B. Theodore Zhang , Kohta Murase , Kunihito Ioka , Bing Zhang

Thanks to the rapidly increasing time-domain facilities, we are entering a golden era of research on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this Letter, we report our observations of GRB 240529A with the Burst Optical Observer and Transient Exploring…

The long-term evolution of relativistic jets in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), particularly from days to months post-burst, remains a fundamental puzzle in astrophysics. Here, we report our very long baseline interferometry observation of the…

The early afterglow of a Gamma-ray burst (GRB) can provide critical information on the jet and progenitor of the GRB. The extreme brightness of GRB 221009A allows us to probe its early afterglow in unprecedented detail. In this letter, we…