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We study an information analogue of infinitely divisible probability distributions, where the i.i.d. sum is replaced by the joint distribution of an i.i.d. sequence. A random variable $X$ is called informationally infinitely divisible if,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Cheuk Ting Li

We provide a rigorous convergence proof demonstrating that the well-known semi-analytical Fourier cosine (COS) formula for the inverse Fourier transform of continuous probability distributions can be extended to discrete probability…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-10 Xiaoyu Shen , Fang Fang , Chengguang Liu

We introduce Statistical Flow Matching (SFM), a novel and mathematically rigorous flow-matching framework on the manifold of parameterized probability measures inspired by the results from information geometry. We demonstrate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Chaoran Cheng , Jiahan Li , Jian Peng , Ge Liu

Approximate inference in probability models is a fundamental task in machine learning. Approximate inference provides powerful tools to Bayesian reasoning, decision making, and Bayesian deep learning. The main goal is to estimate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Jun Han

Comparing multivariate yield quality distributions across spatially referenced agricultural fields is complicated by two pervasive features: non-normality and spatial autocorrelation. Classical procedures such as ANOVA, MANOVA, and standard…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-03 Marco Mandap

We consider the problem of constructing distribution-free prediction sets for data from two-layer hierarchical distributions. For iid data, prediction sets can be constructed using the method of conformal prediction. The validity of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-25 Robin Dunn , Larry Wasserman , Aaditya Ramdas

Let $(X,d)$ be a compact metric space, and let an iterated function system (IFS) be given on $X$, i.e., a finite set of continuous maps $\sigma_{i}$: $ X\to X$, $i=0,1,..., N-1$. The maps $\sigma_{i}$ transform the measures $\mu $ on $X$…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Palle E. T. Jorgensen

Learning the multivariate distribution of data is a core challenge in statistics and machine learning. Traditional methods aim for the probability density function (PDF) and are limited by the curse of dimensionality. Modern neural methods…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-14 Magda Amiridi , Nicholas D. Sidiropoulos

We describe here a new method to estimate copula measure. From N observations of two variables X and Y, we draw a huge number m of subsamples (size n<N), and we compute the joint ranks in these subsamples. Then, for each bivariate rank…

Methodology · Statistics 2007-09-26 Jérôme Collet

A two--step Christoffel function based solution is proposed to distribution regression problem. On the first step, to model distribution of observations inside a bag, build Christoffel function for each bag of observations. Then, on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-24 Vladislav Gennadievich Malyshkin

Variational inference (VI) has become a widely used approach for scalable Bayesian inference, but its performance strongly depends on the flexibility of the chosen variational family. In this work, we propose a novel variational family that…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-03 Giovanni Piccirilli , Aluísio Pinheiro

Analytical templates for the covariance matrix of the 4-Point Correlation Function (4PCF) have been developed in the past assuming a Gaussian Random Field (GRF). In this work, we present the first non-Gaussian calculation of the 4PCF…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-09 William Ortolá Leonard , Zachary Slepian

Given a closed orientable surface (\Sigma) of genus at least two, we establish an affine isomorphism between the convex compact set of isotopy-invariant topological measures on (\Sigma) and the convex compact set of additive functions on…

General Topology · Mathematics 2009-03-17 Frol Zapolsky

Gradients have been exploited in proposal distributions to accelerate the convergence of Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms on discrete distributions. However, these methods require a natural differentiable extension of the target discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Yue Xiang , Dongyao Zhu , Bowen Lei , Dongkuan Xu , Ruqi Zhang

A mathematical model of the distribution function for the discrete 3-disk is proposed in order to utilize in the statistical evolution equation of the 3-dimensional Universe. The model distribution is constructed based on analyses in known…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-14 Tetsuyuki Yukawa

Many practical techniques for probabilistic inference require a sequence of distributions that interpolate between a tractable distribution and an intractable distribution of interest. Usually, the sequences used are simple, e.g., based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-11 Andreas Stuhlmüller , Robert X. D. Hawkins , N. Siddharth , Noah D. Goodman

We apply poset cocalculus, a functor calculus framework for functors out of a poset, to study the problem of decomposing multipersistence modules into simpler components. We both prove new results in this topic and offer a new perspective…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Bjørnar Gullikstad Hem

Acyclic phase-type (PH) distributions have been a popular tool in survival analysis, thanks to their natural interpretation in terms of ageing towards its inevitable absorption. In this paper, we consider an extension to the bivariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-04 Albrecher Hansjörg , Bladt Martin , Alaric J. A Müller

The class of index-mixed copulas is introduced and its properties are investigated. Index-mixed copulas are constructed from given base copulas and a random index vector, and show a rather remarkable degree of analytical tractability. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-10 Klaus Herrmann , Marius Hofert , Nahid Sadr

Standard approaches for uncertainty quantification in deep learning and physics-informed learning have persistent limitations. Indicatively, strong assumptions regarding the data likelihood are required, the performance highly depends on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Qianli Shen , Wai Hoh Tang , Zhun Deng , Apostolos Psaros , Kenji Kawaguchi