English
Related papers

Related papers: Why does dissolving salt in water decrease its die…

200 papers

It is well known that the dielectric constant of two-dimensional (2D) electron system goes negative at low electron densities. A consequence of the negative dielectric constant could be the formation of the droplet state. The droplet state…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Junren Shi , Song He , X. C. Xie

By molecular dynamics simulations, we have studied the enhanced heating process of salty ice and water by the electric field of applied microwaves at 2.5 GHz, and those in the range 2.5-10 GHz for the frequency dependence. We show that…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-08-18 Motohiko Tanaka , Motoyasu Sato

When we place conducting bodies in electrolyte solutions, their surface potential $\Phi_s$ appears to be much smaller in magnitude than the intrinsic one $\Phi_0$ and normally does not obey the classical electrostatic boundary condition of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-08-09 Olga I. Vinogradova , Elena F. Silkina , Evgeny S. Asmolov

Interest in spiking neural networks (SNNs) has been growing steadily, promising an energy-efficient alternative to formal neural networks (FNNs), commonly known as artificial neural networks (ANNs). Despite increasing interest, especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Thomas Louis , Benoit Miramond , Alain Pegatoquet , Adrien Girard

Metal-film dielectric capacitors provide lump portions of energy on demand. While the capacities of various capacitor designs are comparable in magnitude, their stabilities make a difference. Dielectric breakdowns - micro-discharges -…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-11-11 Nadezhda A. Andreeva , Vitaly V. Chaban

Deep learning algorithms have been shown to perform extremely well on many classical machine learning problems. However, recent studies have shown that deep learning, like other machine learning techniques, is vulnerable to adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-15 Nicolas Papernot , Patrick McDaniel , Xi Wu , Somesh Jha , Ananthram Swami

We introduce a scheme based on machine learning and deep neural networks to model the environmental dependence of the electronic polarizability in insulating materials. Application to liquid water shows that training the network with a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Grace M. Sommers , Marcos F. Calegari Andrade , Linfeng Zhang , Han Wang , Roberto Car

We develop an analytical theory that accounts for the image and surface charge interactions between a charged dielectric membrane and a DNA molecule translocating through the membrane. Translocation events through neutral carbon-based…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-03 Sahin Buyukdagli , T. Ala-Nissila

In this work, we combine a stochastic model reduction with a particle filter augmented with tempering and jittering, and apply the combined algorithm to a damped and forced incompressible 2D Euler dynamics defined on a simply connected…

Applications · Statistics 2020-08-25 Colin Cotter , Dan Crisan , Darryl D. Holm , Wei Pan , Igor Shevchenko

We study, using Density Functional theory and Monte Carlo simulations, aqueous electrolyte solutions between charged infinite planar surfaces, in a contact with a bulk salt reservoir. In agreement with recent experimental observations [Z.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-09-21 Thiago Colla , Matheus Girotto , Alexandre P. dos Santos , Yan Levin

Electrical measurements were performed in dilute aqueous NdCl3 solutions from 298 to 523 K along the 25 MPa isobar to obtain limiting conductances and association constants. The specific conductance data were estimated using a continuous…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-10-11 Tae Jun Yoon , Erica P. Craddok , Katie A. Maerzke , Robert P. Currier , Alp T. Findikoglu

Possible mechanisms for over-limiting current (OLC) through aqueous ion-exchange membranes (exceeding diffusion limitation) have been debated for half a century. Flows consistent with electro-osmotic instability (EOI) have recently been…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-12-12 M. B. Andersen , M. van Soestbergen , A. Mani , H. Bruus , P. M. Biesheuvel , M. Z. Bazant

We study the trapping of charged particles and macromolecules (such as DNA) in salt gradients in aqueous solutions. The source for the salt gradient can be as simple as a dissolving ionic crystal, as shown by McDermott et al. [Langmuir 28,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-09 Richard P. Sear , Patrick B. Warren

In this work, the solvation and electronic structure of the aqueous chloride ion solution was investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) based \textit{ab initio} molecular dynamics (AIMD). From an analysis of radial distribution…

The swift excitation of the transparent dielectrics by intense short laser pulse produces ultra-fast re-structuring of the electronic landscape generating a wealth of material states continuously changing in space and in time in accord with…

Optics · Physics 2018-04-04 E. G. Gamaly , A. V. Rode

We develop of a field-theoretic approach for the treatment of both the non-local and the non-linear response of structured liquid dielectrics. Our systems of interest are composed of dipolar solvent molecules and simple salt cations and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-02-01 Ralf Blossey , Rudolf Podgornik

In the context of describing electrons in solids as a fluid in the hydrodynamic regime, we consider a flow of electrons in a channel of finite width, i.e.~a Poiseuille flow. The electrons are accelerated by a constant electric field. We…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-12-05 Johanna Erdmenger , Ioannis Matthaiakakis , Rene Meyer , David Rodríguez Fernández

Thermal behaviors of hydroxypropyl cellulose dilute aqueous solutions with impurities of Group~I alkali metal ions (Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs chlorides) has been studied by means of static and dynamic light scattering measurements. From the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-04-08 Valery I. Kovalchuk

Protein aggregation via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is ubiquitous in nature and intimately connects to many human diseases. Although it is widely known that the addition of salt has crucial impacts on the LLPS of protein, full…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-04-29 Chao Duan , Rui Wang

Determining of the solute mass amount in seawater using in situ measurements in seas and oceans remains now an unresolved problem. To solve it, it is necessary to develop both new methods and instruments for measurements. This article…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-12-21 Aleksandr N. Grekov , Nikolay A. Grekov , Evgeniy Sychov