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Large Language Models (LLMs) that can continually improve beyond their training budgets are able to solve increasingly difficult problems by adapting at test time, a property we refer to as extrapolation. However, standard reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ian Wu , Yuxiao Qu , Amrith Setlur , Aviral Kumar

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a promising approach for adaptive robot control, but its current application to robotics is currently hindered by high sample requirements. To alleviate this issue, we propose to exploit the symmetries…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Yijiong Lin , Jiancong Huang , Matthieu Zimmer , Yisheng Guan , Juan Rojas , Paul Weng

Reinforcement learning (RL) marks a fundamental shift in how artificial intelligence is applied in healthcare. Instead of merely predicting outcomes, RL actively decides interventions with long term goals. Unlike traditional models that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Dilruk Perera , Gousia Habib , Qianyi Xu , Daniel J. Tan , Kai He , Erik Cambria , Mengling Feng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across a wide range of NLP tasks, but they remain fundamentally stateless, constrained by limited context windows that hinder long-horizon reasoning. Recent efforts to…

Designing better deep networks and better reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms are both important for deep RL. This work focuses on the former. Previous methods build the network with several modules like CNN, LSTM and Attention. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Hangyu Mao , Rui Zhao , Hao Chen , Jianye Hao , Yiqun Chen , Dong Li , Junge Zhang , Zhen Xiao

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown great promise with algorithms learning in environments with large state and action spaces purely from scalar reward signals. A crucial challenge for current deep RL algorithms is that they require a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Shivakanth Sujit , Pedro H. M. Braga , Jorg Bornschein , Samira Ebrahimi Kahou

With the increasing power of computers and the rapid development of self-learning methodologies such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, the problem of constructing an automatic Financial Trading Systems (FTFs) becomes an…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2019-08-29 Haoqian Li , Thomas Lau

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms suffer from the dependency on accurately engineered reward functions to properly guide the learning agents to do the required tasks. Preference-based reinforcement learning (PbRL) addresses that by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Youssef Abdelkareem , Shady Shehata , Fakhri Karray

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) typically relies on massive computational resources and extensive datasets, limiting accessibility for resource-constrained settings. Our study investigates the potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Quy-Anh Dang , Chris Ngo

Developments in reinforcement learning (RL) have allowed algorithms to achieve impressive performance in highly complex, but largely static problems. In contrast, biological learning seems to value efficiency of adaptation to a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Eric Chalmers , Artur Luczak

Large language model (LLM) agents are constrained by limited context windows, necessitating external memory systems for long-term information understanding. Current memory-augmented agents typically depend on pre-defined instructions and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yu Wang , Ryuichi Takanobu , Zhiqi Liang , Yuzhen Mao , Yuanzhe Hu , Julian McAuley , Xiaojian Wu

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, long short term memory (LSTM), one kind of recurrent neural network (RNN), has been widely applied in time series prediction. Like RNN, Transformer is designed to handle the sequential…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-09-21 Paul Bilokon , Yitao Qiu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards~(RLVR) has become a prominent paradigm to enhance the capabilities (i.e.\ long-context) of Large Language Models~(LLMs). However, it often relies on gold-standard answers or explicit evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yao Xiao , Lei Wang , Yue Deng , Guanzheng Chen , Ziqi Jin , Jung-jae Kim , Xiaoli Li , Roy Ka-wei Lee , Lidong Bing

Reward Machines (RMs) are an established mechanism in Reinforcement Learning (RL) to represent and learn sparse, temporally extended tasks with non-Markovian rewards. RMs rely on high-level information in the form of labels that are emitted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Thomas Krug , Daniel Neider

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a compelling data-driven paradigm for synthesizing controllers for complex systems when accurate physical models are unavailable; however, most existing control-oriented RL methods assume stationarity and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Austin Coursey , Abel Diaz-Gonzalez , Marcos Quinones-Grueiro , Gautam Biswas

Designing rewards for Reinforcement Learning (RL) is challenging because it needs to convey the desired task, be efficient to optimize, and be easy to compute. The latter is particularly problematic when applying RL to robotics, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Yiming Ding , Carlos Florensa , Mariano Phielipp , Pieter Abbeel

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) infers a reward function from demonstrations, allowing for policy improvement and generalization. However, despite much recent interest in IRL, little work has been done to understand the minimum set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Daniel S. Brown , Scott Niekum

The Transformer architecture is crucial for numerous AI models, but it still faces challenges in long-range language modeling. Though several specific transformer architectures have been designed to tackle issues of long-range dependencies,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Haofei Yu , Cunxiang Wang , Yue Zhang , Wei Bi

In recent years, on-policy reinforcement learning (RL) has been successfully applied to many different continuous control tasks. While RL algorithms are often conceptually simple, their state-of-the-art implementations take numerous low-…

The growing renewable energy sources have posed significant challenges to traditional power scheduling. It is difficult for operators to obtain accurate day-ahead forecasts of renewable generation, thereby requiring the future scheduling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Shaohuai Liu , Jinbo Liu , Weirui Ye , Nan Yang , Guanglun Zhang , Haiwang Zhong , Chongqing Kang , Qirong Jiang , Xuri Song , Fangchun Di , Yang Gao
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