Related papers: Vacuum polarisation without infinities
We present a complete reevaluation of the irreducible two-loop vacuum-polarization correction to the photon propagator in quantum electrodynamics, i.e. with an electron-positron pair in the fermion propagators. The integration is carried…
Complete vacuum polarization calculations incorporating finite nuclear size are presented for hydrogenic ions with principal quantum numbers n=1-5. Lithiumlike, sodiumlike, and copperlike ions are also treated starting with Kohn-Sham…
Through use of the Pauli-Villars regulator procedure we construct a second- plus fourth-order-derivative theory of gravity that serves as an ultraviolet completion of standard second-order-derivative quantum Einstein gravity that is…
The quantum vacuum becomes unstable under an external field, leading to spontaneous particle-antiparticle pair creation. In canonical quantization, the time-dependent particle number, defined via Bogoliubov transformations lacks physical…
The leading-order two-loop vacuum-polarization potential, linear in the Coulomb field of a nucleus, was first derived in the seminal 1955 work of K\"all\'en-Sabry. The higher-order two-loop vacuum-polarization corrections, however, have…
The measurement of vacuum polarisation effects, in particular vacuum birefringence, using combined optical and x-ray laser pulses is now actively pursued. Here we briefly examine the feasibility of two alternative setups. The first utilises…
This article investigates the full Boltzmann equation up to second order in the cosmological perturbations. Describing the distribution of polarized radiation by a tensor valued distribution function, we study the gauge dependence of the…
It is common practice to take for granted the equality (up to the constant $\varepsilon_0$) of the electric displacement ($\bf{D}$) and electric ($\bf{E}$) field vectors in vacuum. The same happens with the magnetic field ($\bf{H}$) and the…
The real and imaginary part of the vacuum polarisation function $\Pi(q^2)$ induced by a massive quark is calculated in perturbative QCD up to order $\alpha_s^2$. The method is described and the results are presented. This extends the…
The electric and magnetic fields are investigated on the basis of quantum vacuum. The analysis of the electromagnetic energy and force indicates that an electric field is a polarized distribution of the vacuum virtual dipoles, and that a…
The self-consistent modeling of vacuum polarization due to virtual electron-positron fluctuations is of relevance for many near term experiments associated with high intensity radiation sources and represents a milestone in describing…
We present a new mode-sum regularization prescription for computing the vacuum polarization of a scalar field in static spherically-symmetric black hole spacetimes in odd dimensions. This is the first general and systematic approach to…
This article investigates the full Boltzmann equation up to second order in the cosmological perturbations. Describing the distribution of polarized radiation by using a tensor valued distribution function, the second order Boltzmann…
We review recent results about the derivation and the analysis of two Hartree-Fock-type models for the polarization of vacuum. We pay particular attention to the variational construction of a self-consistent polarized vacuum, and to the…
The energy levels of the $n=1$ and $n=2$ bound states of the $\mu^+\mu^-$ atom (true muonium) are calculated starting from a previously derived potential that correctly describes positronium to order $\alpha^5$ supplemented by the known…
Using a regularization by putting the system in finite volume, we develop a novel approach to form factor perturbation theory for nonintegrable models described as perturbations of integrable ones. This permits to go beyond first order in…
We develop an exact formalism for performing first-principles calculations for insulators at fixed electric polarization. As shown by Sai, Rabe, and Vanderbilt (SRV) [N. Sai, K. M. Rabe, and D. Vanderbilt, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 66}, 104108…
The QED vacuum polarization in external monochromatic plane-wave electromagnetic fields is calculated with spatial and temporal variations of the external fields being taken into account. We develop a perturbation theory to calculate the…
In order to reduce the current hadronic uncertainties in the theory prediction for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, lattice calculations need to reach sub-percent accuracy on the hadronic-vacuum-polarization contribution. This…
A technique for avoiding infinite integrals in the calculation of the one-loop diagram contribution to the vacuum polarization component of an atomic energy level is presented. This makes renormalization unnecessary. Infinite integrals do…