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Interpretability is critical in high-stakes domains such as medical imaging, where understanding model decisions is essential for clinical adoption. In this work, we introduce Sparse Autoencoder (SAE)-based interpretability to breast…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Krishna Kanth Nakka

The availability of large language models and open-vocabulary object perception methods enables more flexibility for domestic service robots. The large variability of domestic tasks can be addressed without implementing each task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yihao Wang , Raphael Memmesheimer , Sven Behnke

Recent work shows that Sparse Autoencoders (SAE) applied to large language model (LLM) layers have neurons corresponding to interpretable concepts. These SAE neurons can be modified to align generated outputs, but only towards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Ananya Joshi , Celia Cintas , Skyler Speakman

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have become a standard tool for mechanistic interpretability in autoregressive large language models (LLMs), enabling researchers to extract sparse, human-interpretable features and intervene on model behavior.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xu Wang , Bingqing Jiang , Yu Wan , Baosong Yang , Lingpeng Kong , Difan Zou

Non-parallel text style transfer has attracted increasing research interests in recent years. Despite successes in transferring the style based on the encoder-decoder framework, current approaches still lack the ability to preserve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Yukai Shi , Sen Zhang , Chenxing Zhou , Xiaodan Liang , Xiaojun Yang , Liang Lin

The projector plays a crucial role in multi-modal language models (MLLMs). The number of visual tokens it outputs affects the efficiency of the MLLM, while the quality of the visual tokens influences the visual understanding capabilities of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Shun Qian , Bingquan Liu , Chengjie Sun , Zhen Xu , Baoxun Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models have made significant strides in integrating visual and textual information, yet they often struggle with effectively aligning these modalities. We introduce a novel image tokenizer that bridges this gap by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Wanpeng Zhang , Zilong Xie , Yicheng Feng , Yijiang Li , Xingrun Xing , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

Vision-language models encode images and text in a joint space, minimizing the distance between corresponding image and text pairs. How are language and images organized in this joint space, and how do the models encode meaning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Isabel Papadimitriou , Huangyuan Su , Thomas Fel , Sham Kakade , Stephanie Gil

We study the challenge of achieving theoretically grounded feature recovery using Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) for the interpretation of Large Language Models. Existing SAE training algorithms often lack rigorous mathematical guarantees and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Siyu Chen , Heejune Sheen , Xuyuan Xiong , Tianhao Wang , Zhuoran Yang

Positional encoding (PE) underpins how permutation-invariant Transformers represent sequence order, yet how positional information is processed and stored remains poorly understood. Modern PE methods such as RoPE still struggle on tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Pierre-Antoine Lequeu , Camille Barboule , Benjamin Piwowarski

With the integration of image modality, the semantic space of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) is more complex than text-only models, making their interpretability more challenging and their alignment less stable, particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Hantao Lou , Changye Li , Jiaming Ji , Yaodong Yang

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) decompose large language model (LLM) activations into latent features that reveal mechanistic structure. Conventional SAEs train on broad data distributions, forcing a fixed latent budget to capture only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Charles O'Neill , Mudith Jayasekara , Max Kirkby

Deep generative neural networks, such as Variational AutoEncoders (VAEs), offer an opportunity to better understand and control language models from the perspective of sentence-level latent spaces. To combine the controllability of VAE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Yingji Zhang , Danilo S. Carvalho , Ian Pratt-Hartmann , André Freitas

Representation learning for text via pretraining a language model on a large corpus has become a standard starting point for building NLP systems. This approach stands in contrast to autoencoders, also trained on raw text, but with the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Ivan Montero , Nikolaos Pappas , Noah A. Smith

Recent advancements in self-supervised learning have led to powerful surgical vision encoders capable of spatiotemporal understanding. However, extending these visual foundations to multi-modal reasoning tasks is severely bottlenecked by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Chengan Che , Chao Wang , Jiayuan Huang , Xinyue Chen , Luis C. Garcia-Peraza-Herrera

Significant efforts have been dedicated to integrating the powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) with diverse modalities, particularly focusing on the fusion of language, vision and audio data. However, the graph-structured data, which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zipeng Liu , Likang Wu , Ming He , Zhong Guan , Hongke Zhao , Nan Feng

Zero-shot Learning (ZSL) classification categorizes or predicts classes (labels) that are not included in the training set (unseen classes). Recent works proposed different semantic autoencoder (SAE) models where the encoder embeds a visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-14 William Heyden , Habib Ullah , M. Salman Siddiqui , Fadi Al Machot

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a variety of real-world tasks. However, existing VLMs typically process visual information by serializing images, a method that diverges significantly from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yueyan Li , Chenggong Zhao , Zeyuan Zang , Caixia Yuan , Xiaojie Wang

Nowadays, multimedia forensics faces unprecedented challenges due to the rapid advancement of multimedia generation technology thereby making Image Manipulation Localization (IML) crucial in the pursuit of truth. The key to IML lies in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Xiaochen Ma , Jizhe Zhou , Xiong Xu , Zhuohang Jiang , Chi-Man Pun

Self-supervised visual pre-training methods face an inherent tension: contrastive learning (CL) captures global semantics but loses fine-grained detail, while masked image modeling (MIM) preserves local textures but suffers from "attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Wenzhao Xiang , Yue Wu , Hongyang Yu , Feng Gao , Fan Yang , Xilin Chen
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